Protracted Shock — A Pathogenetic Factor in Vasculitis and Connective Tissue Proliferation in Animal Models

Drommer, W.; Gasquez, A.; Kaup, Franz‐Josef; Kohl, Christopher; Langer, Ina; Nafady, Asmaa; Queisser, Gillian; Martin, Rachel W.; Fink, Pamela J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68106-6_9

Cited by 2 publications

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IntroductionIntravenous injections of E. coli-toxins lead to shock symptoms with alterations in various organs. This could be demonstrated in previous experiments in pigs and rats, using the neurotoxin, also known as vasotoxin (4), of E. coli strain EB 170, serotype 0 139 K 82 (B) (9). Neurotoxins have been known since the beginning of this century.

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confidence: 76%

Ultrastructural glomerular alterations in experimentally induced neurotoxin shock in rats

Martin

Drommer

Kaup

1984

Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe B

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Summary Shock was induced in 37 SPF‐Han Wistar rats by intravenous injections of E. coli neurotoxin; 16 control animals received physiological saline solution. The main glomerular lesions were present in the mesangium and the visceral epithelial cells and were less pronounced than the interstitial alterations after neurotoxin shock. The mesangial lesions appear to be similar to those in chronic interstitial nephritis in dogs and the visceral epithelial cells show comparable alterations to those, for example, in acute renal failure in man and acute hog cholera in swine. Zusammenfassung Ultrastrukturelle glomeruläre Veränderungen bei einem experimentell induzierten Neurotoxinschock an Ratten Ein Schock wurde bei 37 SPF‐Han Wistar Ratten durch intravenöse Injektionen von E. coli Neurotoxin induziert. 16 Kontrolltiere erhielten physiologische Kochsalzlösung. Die wichtigsten glomerulären Schädigungen zeigten sich im Mesangium und in den viszeralen Epithelzellen und waren weniger ausgeprägt als die interstitiellen Veränderungen nach Neurotoxinschock. Die mesangialen Schädigungen schienen ähnlich denjenigen einer chronischen interstitiellen Nephritis bei Hunden, und die viszeralen Epithelzellen zeigten Veränderungen, wie beim akuten Nierenversagen des Menschen und akuter Schweinepest. Résumé Lésions ultrastructurelles glomérulaires lors d'un choc neurotoxique induit expérimentalement chez des rats Un choc a été induit par des injections intraveineuses de neurotoxine de E. coli chez 37 rats SPF‐Han Wistar. 16 animaux de contrôle ont reçu une solution physiologique. Les principales lésions glomérulaires se sont manifestées dans le Mesangium et dans les cellules épithéliales viscérales et furent moins étendues que les lésions interstitielles après un choc dû à une néphrite interstitielle chronique chez des chiens et les cellules épithéliales viscérales présentèrent des lésions comparables par exemple à celles rencontrées lors d'un blocage rénal aigu chez l'être humain et d'une peste porcine aiguë. Resumen Alteraciones glomerulares ultraestructurales en choques neurotoxínicos inducidos experimentalmente en ratas Se indujo un choque en 37 ratas Wistar SPF‐Han mediante inyecciones endovenosas de neurotoxina de E. coli. 16 animales testigos recibieron solución salina fisiológica. Las lesiones glomerulares más importantes se mostraron en el mesangio y en las células epiteliales viscerales y eran menos marcadas que las modificaciones intersticiales tras el choque neurotoxínico. Las lesions mesangiales se asemejaban a las de una nefritis intersticial crónica en perros, y las células epiteliales viscerales ostentaban modificaciones comparables, por ej. con la insuficiencia renal aguda en el ser humano y con la peste porcina aguda.

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confidence: 76%

Ultrastructural glomerular alterations in experimentally induced neurotoxin shock in rats

Martin

Drommer

Kaup

1984

Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe B

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confidence: 99%

“…In pigs the neurotoxin from Escherichia coli 0 139 : K 82 (B), designated vasotoxin (3), induces oedema disease which is shock-like in its course. After the application of this toxin in rats and pigs, severe shock-induced vascular damage was found in diverse organs (7,9).The aim of this study was to record the light microscopical and ultrastructural changes in the interstitial regions of rat kidney for which a study of changes in the mesangial area has already been published (32). In particular, the sequence of perivascular and interstitial processes was determined and the relationship between the kind of cellular infiltration and the duration and intensity of shock was demonstrated.…”

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“…Apart from the kidney, other organs are affected, in particular liver and lung. The mesenchymal reactions of these organs indicate the systemic character of the neurotoxin-induced shock (7,8). As the type of renal failure is independent of the shock-inducing agent (37) we considered the neurotoxin to be particularly suitable for the experimental induction of protracted shock.The main finding of the present study was that an extensive mesenchymal reaction takes place in the renal interstice of the rat after protracted shock and that this occurs in three phases.…”

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Pathogenesis of Renal Changes in Experimental Prolonged Shock*

Kaup¹,

Drommer²,

Langer³

et al. 1984

Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A

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IntroductionKnowledge about the complex syndrome shock with its many clinical and pathophysiological states in animal and man has increased significantly in recent years. The set of pathological and anatomical problems has changed accordingly (29). By standardized animal experiments, in particular, it has been possible to obtain details about the intravascular processes during the acute phase of shock (11,14,18,40). Disturbances in the microcirculation (17, 2O, 31,42) result in lesions of the endothelium (13,24) which in turn lead to interstitial oedema in various organs such as lung (19, 28), kidney (4, central nervous system (5, 6), or the gastrointestinal system (12). In the later stages of shock the lungs and kidneys of man, in particular, show massive perivascular and interstitial reactions in the form of cellular infiltration and fibrosis (21,34). Compared with other animal species, the rat possesses marked resistance to endotoxin and is thus especially suitable for experiments on protracted shock (47). In pigs the neurotoxin from Escherichia coli 0 139 : K 82 (B), designated vasotoxin (3), induces oedema disease which is shock-like in its course. After the application of this toxin in rats and pigs, severe shock-induced vascular damage was found in diverse organs (7,9).The aim of this study was to record the light microscopical and ultrastructural changes in the interstitial regions of rat kidney for which a study of changes in the mesangial area has already been published (32). In particular, the sequence of perivascular and interstitial processes was determined and the relationship between the kind of cellular infiltration and the duration and intensity of shock was demonstrated. Material and MethodsFor the experiments 130 specific pathogen-free Han : Wistar rats weighing between 120 and 240 g were used. Thirty animals served as controls. Shock was induced by intravenous injection (tail vein) of neurotoxin from the Escherichiu coli strain EB 170, serotype 0 139 : K 82 (B) which had been produced by the extraction method (41). The ram received 1 to 4 or 8 neurotoxin injections at a dosage of 0.35mYkg body weight (12LDx, mouse); the controls received a corresponding mount of physiological s h e . In three different experimental series the interval between injections varied * Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB 54, D 4. U.S. Copyright C l e m c e Center Code Statement: 07214981/84/310&-061~$02.5~/0 612 KAUP, DROMMER, LANCER and ROSENBRUCH between 2 and 31 days. The best results were obtained with one week between injections. The animals were sacrificed 6 hours to 79 days after the first injection. 27 animals died acutely within 24 hours after a neurotoxin injection; the others showed acute symptoms of shock after every injection, with ruffling of the fur, twisted body posture, dyspnoea and a high degree of apathy. This condition lasted as long as 5 days after each injection and was accompanied by severe weight loss up to 25 % of body weight. Most of the experimental animals were fixed whi...

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Protracted Shock — A Pathogenetic Factor in Vasculitis and Connective Tissue Proliferation in Animal Models

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Ultrastructural glomerular alterations in experimentally induced neurotoxin shock in rats

Ultrastructural glomerular alterations in experimentally induced neurotoxin shock in rats

Pathogenesis of Renal Changes in Experimental Prolonged Shock*

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