“…It gained approval for treating severe COPD and asthma in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Although roflumilast demonstrates improved performance in clinical trials compared to rolipram, gastrointestinal adverse reactions still occur 9.5% of cases, manifesting as diarrhea, nausea, headache, weight loss, urinary tract infections, and psychiatric disorders ( Asfaw, 2020 ). Considering the relative equilibrium between efficacy and safety, along with proper dosing strategy and comprehensive assessment of drug safety, roflumilast undeniably confers greater benefits than risks to patients.…”