2000
DOI: 10.1080/152165400410182
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Pseudouridine in RNA: What, Where, How, and Why

Abstract: SummaryPseudouridine (5-ribosyluracil ) is a ubiquitous yet enigmatic constituent of structural RNAs (transfer, ribosomal, small nuclear, and small nucleolar). Although pseudouridine (W ) was the rst modi ed nucleoside to be discovered in RNA, and is the most abundant, its biosynthesis and biological roles have remained poorly understood since its identi cation as a " fth nucleoside" in RNA. Recently, a combination of biochemical, biophysical, and genetic approaches has helped to illuminate the structural cons… Show more

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Cited by 477 publications
(215 citation statements)
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“…In U1, U2, U4 and U6 snRNAs, for example, Ψ sites occur at or close to a site that basepairs with intronic RNA to facilitate RNA splicing (Charette and Gray, 2000). In rRNA there is a high density of conserved Ψ sites at the peptidyl-transferase center and at the decoding center of the 25S rRNA subunit, which interacts with mRNA and with the tRNA stem-loop (Bakin et al, 1994; Bakin and Ofengand, 1993; Lane et al, 1992).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In U1, U2, U4 and U6 snRNAs, for example, Ψ sites occur at or close to a site that basepairs with intronic RNA to facilitate RNA splicing (Charette and Gray, 2000). In rRNA there is a high density of conserved Ψ sites at the peptidyl-transferase center and at the decoding center of the 25S rRNA subunit, which interacts with mRNA and with the tRNA stem-loop (Bakin et al, 1994; Bakin and Ofengand, 1993; Lane et al, 1992).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In yeast, Ψ is present in many positions in tRNAs, in 46 positions across the four rRNAs (25S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S), and in 6 positions in U1, U2 and U5 snRNA (Charette and Gray, 2000; Ofengand, 2002; Yu et al, 2011). Although ψ’s base pairing is similar to uridine, isomerization allows the potential formation of an extra hydrogen bond, and may contribute to structural stability (Durant and Davis, 1997; Kierzek et al, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, H 2 O 2 is known to oxidize thiol groups in proteins such as thioredoxin (63), whereas reactive Mtz intermediates might have greater affinity for reduced cofactors (68) or nucleic acids (10). Although the importance of DNA damage in the mechanism of Mtz cytotoxicity is contested (10,12), the increased transcription of genes encoding a pseudouridine synthase (acting to stabilize structural RNAs) (69) and several DNA repair enzymes specifically following Mtz exposure in this study suggests selective sensitivity of nucleic acids to this drug. Indeed, DNA damage may be sufficient to arrest the cell cycle, as suggested by transcriptional downregulation of the mitotic regulator Mad2 under Mtz and previous reports of H2A phosphorylation after sublethal Mtz exposure (15,70,71).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…47 Studies are underway to map the transcriptomewide C and Nms in the 2 life stages of the parasite, since both modifications are known to confer structural rigidity on localized RNA structure. 49 Indeed, these 2 modifications influence the RNA structure by favoring the C3 0 -endoribose conformation, diminishing the distance between the bases and enhancing stacking, which contributes to RNA stability. 50 In Euglena, an organism that is evolutionarily related to trypanosomes, the LSU is fragmented to 14 pieces 51 and the degree of modification (350 modified nt on rRNA) is correlated with the level of rRNA fragmentation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%