Psychologic characteristics associated with acute stressor-induced leukocyte subset redistribution

Mills, Paul J.; Dimsdale, Joel E.; Nelesen, Richard A.; Dillon, Elaine

doi:10.1016/0022-3999(95)00614-1

Cited by 54 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These findings are supported by studies that looked at stress induced in a variety of physical illnesses and in psychological stress paradigms (e.g. public speaking, marital conflict) (Mills et al, 1995(Mills et al, , 1996Ackerman et al, 1996;Van der Pompe et al, 1998;Delahanty et al, 2000;SgoutasEmch et al, 1994;Kiecolt-Glaser et al, 1993;Pawlak et al, 1999). Studies also show a correlation between cardiovascular variables including heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and the change in NK cells (Benschop et al, 1995;Herbert et al, 1994).…”

Section: Acute Stress and The Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 54%

Cytokines: abnormalities in major depression and implications for pharmacological treatment

O’Brien

Scott

Dinan

2004

Human Psychopharmacology

293

159

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The role of cytokines in depression was first considered when the cytokine interferon resulted in "sickness behaviour", the symptoms of which are similar to those of major depression. The latter is associated with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). These cytokines are potent modulators of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) which produces heightened hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activity characterized by increases in ACTH and cortisol, both of which are reported elevated in major depression. Antidepressant treatment has immunomodulatory effects with increases in the production of IL-10, which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. This review based on a Medline search from 1980-2003, focuses on the evidence available of cytokine changes in acute stress, chronic stress and major depression. It examines the effects of antidepressant treatment on immune parameters in both animal models and clinical trials. We suggest that future antidepressants may target the immune system by either blocking the actions of pro-inflammatory cytokines or increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

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Section: Acute Stress and The Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 54%

Cytokines: abnormalities in major depression and implications for pharmacological treatment

O’Brien

Scott

Dinan

2004

Human Psychopharmacology

293

159

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“…Blood pressure and heart-rate monitoring equipment will record changes in blood pressure and heart rate, in subjects who agree to participate in a validated cardiovascular reactivity paradigm, entailing a speaking stressor. This is a standardized paradigm developed and widely used at UCSD and approved by the UCSD Institutional Review Board [76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83]. Subjects are given instructions for a speaking task after being seated for 15 min (a departure from the 30 min generally used).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Reactivity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The UCSD Statin Study: a randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of statins on selected noncardiac outcomes

Golomb

Criqui

White

et al. 2004

Controlled Clinical Trials

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There has been persistent controversy regarding possible favorable or adverse effects of statins or of cholesterol reduction on cognition, mood and behavior (including aggressive or violent behavior), muscle function, and quality of life. The UCSD Statin Study seeks to ascertain the beneficial or adverse effects of statin cholesterol-lowering drugs on a set of noncardiac endpoints, including cognition, behavior, and serotonin biochemistry. The study will enroll 1000 subjects (minimum 20% female) of mixed ethnicity from San Diego. Subjects must be age 20 and older, postmenopausal if female, without known cardiovascular disease or diabetes, and with LDLcholesterol between 115 and 190 mg/dl. Subjects will be randomized to a double-blind, placebocontrolled trial with assignment 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 to placebo, simvastatin 20 mg, or pravastatin 40 mg (equipotent LDL-cholesterol-lowering doses for drug arms with simvastatin and pravastatin chosen to represent the extremes of the lipophilicity spectrum) for 6 months of treatment followed by 2 months postcessation follow-up. Primary outcomes are cognition (cognitive battery), irritability/aggression (behavior measure), and serotonin (gauged by whole blood serotonin), assessed as the difference between baseline and 6 months, judging combined statin groups vs. placebo. Secondary outcomes include mood (CES-D and Wakefield depression inventory), quality of life (SF-12V), sleep (Leeds sleep scale, modified), and secondary aggression measures (Conflict Tactics Scale; Overt Aggression Scale, Modified). Cardiovascular reactivity will be examined in a 10% subset. As additional secondary endpoints, primary and selected secondary outcomes will be assessed by statin assignment (lipophilic simvastatin vs. hydrophilic pravastatin). "Reversibility" of changes, if any, at 2 months postcessation will be determined. If effects (favorable or unfavorable) are identified, we will seek to ascertain whether there are baseline variables that predict who will be most susceptible to these favorable or adverse noncardiac effects (i.e., effect modification). NIH Public Access BackgroundStatins are important and widely prescribed drugs, with well-documented and incontrovertible cardiac benefits. However, controversy remains regarding the existence and impact of noncardiac effects, including central nervous system (CNS) effects. The University of California-San Diego (UCSD) Statin Study, a National Institutes of Health/ National Heart Lung and Blood Institute-funded double-blind, placebo-controlled study, seeks to address these issues through a complex battery of tests assessing noncardiac outcomes pertaining to cognition, behavior, quality of life, and biochemistry, among other endpoints. This paper provides the general methodology employed and addresses certain theoretical issues in study design.Statin cholesterol-lowering drugs (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are the most prescribed drugs in the United States and the world and contributed substantially to prescription drug cost increases in 200...

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“…Moreover, immune function has been shown to vary according to individual differences in reactivity to stress. One such study showed that cytotoxic T cell reactivity was associated with increases in anxiety to a naturalistic speech stressor (10). It is important to note that these studies demonstrate the role of stress in actual health outcome as well as in changes in immune parameters with potential implications for future health consequences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Affective style andin vivoimmune response: Neurobehavioral mechanisms

Rosenkranz

Jackson

Dalton

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

142

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Considerable evidence exists to support an association between psychological states and immune function. However, the mechanisms by which such states are instantiated in the brain and influence the immune system are poorly understood. The present study investigated relations among physiological measures of affective style, psychological well being, and immune function. Negative and positive affect were elicited by using an autobiographical writing task. Electroencephalography and affect-modulated eye-blink startle were used to measure trait and state negative affect. Participants were vaccinated for influenza, and antibody titers after the vaccine were assayed to provide an in vivo measure of immune function. Higher levels of right-prefrontal electroencephalographic activation and greater magnitude of the startle reflex reliably predicted poorer immune response. These data support the hypothesis that individuals characterized by a more negative affective style mount a weaker immune response and therefore may be at greater risk for illness than those with a more positive affective style.

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Psychologic characteristics associated with acute stressor-induced leukocyte subset redistribution

Cited by 54 publications

References 33 publications

Cytokines: abnormalities in major depression and implications for pharmacological treatment

Cytokines: abnormalities in major depression and implications for pharmacological treatment

The UCSD Statin Study: a randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of statins on selected noncardiac outcomes

Affective style andin vivoimmune response: Neurobehavioral mechanisms

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