Psychological birth trauma: A concept analysis

Sun, Xiaoqing; Fan, Xing; Cong, Shengnan; Wang, Rui; Sha, Lijuan; Xie, Hongmei; Han, Joungho; Zhu, Zhu; Zhang, Aixia

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1065612

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…The phenomenon of psychological trauma after birth appears the same in low- and high-income countries ( 25 ), ( 26 ). Traumatic birth experience is defined and measured in different ways, from the woman‘s subjective perception of her delivery to the measurement of mental trauma through specific diagnostic criteria ( 27 ). A birth can be considered traumatic by a mother and normal by a professional.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Birth Experience and Breastfeeding Ineffectiveness - a Literature Review

Chatzopoulou,

Orovou,

Skoura

et al. 2023

Mater Sociomed

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Background: A traumatic birth experience can affect the breastfeeding process and make it ineffective. The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with breastfeeding ineffectiveness after birth trauma, through the world literature. There are several factors responsible for a traumatic birth experience, such as obstetric violence, postpartum complications and complications induced by doctors, invasive vaginal deliveries, emergency caesarean sections, admission of a neonate to the Neonatal Intensive Unit, past traumatic life events and mental health problems. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with breastfeeding ineffectiveness after birth trauma, through the world literature.Methods: An extended search was conducted to identify relevant for breastfeeding and traumatic birth experiences manuscripts for this study. Databases including PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar. The search was limited to articles published in English the last decade.Results: Factors that contribute to the ineffectiveness of breastfeeding after a traumatic birth are hormonal, medication, insufficient support from the partner, reliving the traumatic birth experience, past traumatic experiences in the woman’s life and her mental state.Conclusion: The mental trauma during childbirth is complex and multifactorial. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures on the one hand to prevent mental trauma during childbirth and on the other hand to make interventions to deal with the consequences of the trauma on the mental health of the mother and on breastfeeding which is directly affected.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Birth Experience and Breastfeeding Ineffectiveness - a Literature Review

Chatzopoulou,

Orovou,

Skoura

et al. 2023

Mater Sociomed

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“…These themes highlight the relevance of identity and social relationships to the experience of traumatic childbirth. Whilst several terms exist in the literature for traumatic childbirth, a recent concept analysis paper defined it as “the woman’s subjective feeling caused by events directly or indirectly related to childbirth, which is manifested as intertwined painful emotional experiences that originate in the birth process and last until postpartum” (p.11) [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that previous research has highlighted the need to identify factors contributing to childbirth being traumatic [ 5 , 10 ], this study also aimed to collect brief qualitative data on women’s appraisals. This was not integral to the study design, but was included in order to be able to describe the characteristics of traumatic childbirth within the sample and to contextualise the quantitative findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between traumatic childbirth and first-time mothers’ social identity and wellbeing: a cross-sectional observational study

El-Salahi,

Knowles Bevis,

Hogg

2024

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background Experiencing childbirth as traumatic is common and can have long-lasting negative consequences for women’s mental health. However, fostering a sense of social identity has been shown to protect psychological wellbeing and mental health during life transitions, such as entering parenthood. This study therefore investigated the relationship between traumatic childbirth and first-time mothers’ social identity and their psychological wellbeing, and more specifically whether strength of identity as a first-time mother protected psychological wellbeing following traumatic childbirth. Method Women over the age of 18 who were living in the UK and had given birth to their first child in the past nine months were recruited to the study from clinical and community settings. They completed digital self-report questionnaires about their birth experience, social identity, mental health, and psychological wellbeing. Women who perceived themselves to have had a traumatic birth (the trauma group; N = 84) were compared to women who did not perceive themselves to have had a traumatic birth (the control group, N = 39). T-tests and chi square tests assessed preliminary group differences before multivariate analyses of covariance controlled for covariates. Post-hoc tests identified the direction of differences. Multiple regression and moderation analyses analysed interaction effects. Results The trauma group had significantly lower psychological wellbeing (mean = 41.5, 95% CI [39.4–43.7], p = .008, partial η2 = 0.059), compared to the control group (mean = 48.4, 95% CI [45.3–51.5]), but the two groups did not differ in the strength of their first-time mother identity, which was high across both groups. Strength of identity did not moderate the relationship between traumatic childbirth and psychological wellbeing. Giving birth by caesarean section independently reduced the strength of the first-time mother identity (p = .017, partial η2 = 0.049). All analyses controlled for emotional and practical support, perceptions of healthcare staff, and mode of birth. Conclusions Having a traumatic birth was associated with lower psychological wellbeing, and the strength of first-time mother identity does not appear to moderate this relationship. Factors such as mode of birth may be more important. Further research, including longitudinal designs, is needed to understand the relationship between these constructs and identify more effective ways of protecting first-time mothers’ mental health.

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Prioritise safety, optimise success! Return to rugby postpartum

Donnelly,

Coltman,

Dane

et al. 2024

European Journal of Sport Science

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Pregnancy and childbirth involve substantial physical, physiological and psychological changes. As such, postpartum rugby players should be supported and appropriately prepared to return to the demands of rugby alongside the additional demands of motherhood. This review aims to discuss specific perinatal considerations that inform a rugby player's readiness to return‐to‐sport postpartum and present an approach to rehabilitation. Before engaging in full rugby training and matchplay, postpartum players should have progressed through the initial phases of rehabilitation and graded sports‐specific training to prepare them for the loads they will be exposed to. Additional rehabilitation considerations include minimising deconditioning during pregnancy; medical concerns; the abdominal wall; the pelvic floor; perinatal breast changes, breastfeeding and risk of contact breast injury; body mass; nutritional requirements; hormonal considerations; athlete identity and psychological considerations; joining team training; return to contact and tackle training; evaluating player load tolerance and future research, policy and surveillance needs. A whole‐systems, biopsychosocial approach following an evidence informed return‐to‐sport framework is recommended when rehabilitating postpartum rugby players. Health and exercise professionals are encouraged to use the perinatal‐specific recommendations in this review to guide the development of postpartum rehabilitation protocols and resources.

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Psychological birth trauma: A concept analysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

Traumatic Birth Experience and Breastfeeding Ineffectiveness - a Literature Review

Traumatic Birth Experience and Breastfeeding Ineffectiveness - a Literature Review

The relationship between traumatic childbirth and first-time mothers’ social identity and wellbeing: a cross-sectional observational study

Prioritise safety, optimise success! Return to rugby postpartum

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