Psychophysical evidence for auditory motion parallax

Genzel, Daria; Schütte, Michael; Brimijoin, W. Owen; MacNeilage, Paul R.; Wiegrebe, Lutz

doi:10.1073/pnas.1712058115

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Each of the three major capsid proteins of the AdV virion bind to receptors on host cells. More specifically, the terminal knob domain of the AdV fibre is recognized by a variety of receptor molecules including the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) [54–56], desmoglein-2 [57], CD46 [58–60] and sialic acid-containing glycans [61–64]. Loops of penton base that contain an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif bind to cellular integrins [65–67].…”

Section: Receptor Binding and Initiation Of The Uncoating Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus flow in host cell networks

Flatt

Butcher

2019

Open Biol.

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Viruses are obligatory parasites that take advantage of intracellular niches to replicate. During infection, their genomes are carried in capsids across the membranes of host cells to sites of virion production by exploiting cellular behaviour and resources to guide and achieve all aspects of delivery and the downstream virus manufacturing process. Successful entry hinges on execution of a precisely tuned viral uncoating program where incoming capsids disassemble in consecutive steps to ensure that genomes are released at the right time, and in the right place for replication to occur. Each step of disassembly is cell-assisted, involving individual pathways that transmit signals to regulate discrete functions, but at the same time, these signalling pathways are organized into larger networks, which communicate back and forth in complex ways in response to the presence of virus. In this review, we consider the elegant strategy by which adenoviruses (AdVs) target and navigate cellular networks to initiate the production of progeny virions. There are many remarkable aspects about the AdV entry program; for example, the virus gains targeted control of a large well-defined local network neighbourhood by coupling several interacting processes (including endocytosis, autophagy and microtubule trafficking) around a collective reference state centred on the interactional topology and multifunctional nature of protein VI. Understanding the network targeting activity of protein VI, as well as other built-in mechanisms that allow AdV particles to be efficient at navigating the subsystems of the cell, can be used to improve viral vectors, but also has potential to be incorporated for use in entirely novel delivery systems.

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Section: Receptor Binding and Initiation Of The Uncoating Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus flow in host cell networks

Flatt

Butcher

2019

Open Biol.

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“…Information about distance of objects that surround us in the environment is often important. The auditory modality is special in that it provides such information even for objects that are occluded or behind the listener (Brungart and Simpson, 2002b;Genzel et al, 2018;Kolarik et al, 2016;Maier et al, 2004;Neuhoff, 1998;Shinn-Cunningham et al, 2001;Zahorik et al, 2005). A reliable cue for auditory distance is the overall received stimulus level, which dominates distance perception of familiar objects and of looming vs. receeding sound sources (Ghazanfar et al, 2002;Hall and Moore, 2003;Maier and Ghazanfar, 2007;Seifritz et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical auditory distance representation based on direct-to-reverberant energy ratio

Kopčo

Doreswamy

Huang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Highlights• Posterior auditory cortices (AC) are sensitive to frontally presented distance cues • These effects are independent of intensity-and direction-related binaural cues• fMRI activations to frontal distance cues are found in the right and left AC• The frontal reverberation-related auditory distance cues are behaviorally relevant 3 Abstract Auditory distance perception and its neuronal mechanisms are poorly understood, mainly because 1) it is difficult to separate distance processing from intensity processing, 2) multiple intensity-independent distance cues are often available, and 3) the cues are combined in a context-dependent way. A recent fMRI study identified human auditory cortical area representing intensity-independent distance for sources presented along the interaural axis (Kopco et al., PNAS, 109, 11019-11024). For these sources, two intensity-independent cues are available, interaural level difference (ILD) and direct-to-reverberant energy ratio (DRR). Thus, the observed activations may have been contributed by not only distancerelated, but also direction-encoding neuron populations sensitive to ILD. Here, the paradigm from the previous study was used to examine DRR-based distance representation for sounds originating in front of the listener, where ILD is not available. In a virtual environment, we performed behavioral and fMRI experiments, combined with computational analyses to identify the neural representation of distance based on DRR. The stimuli varied in distance (15-100 cm) while their received intensity was varied randomly and independently of distance. Behavioral performance showed that intensity-independent distance discrimination is accurate for frontal stimuli, even though it is worse than for lateral stimuli. fMRI activations for sounds varying in frontal distance, as compared to varying only in intensity, increased bilaterally in the posterior banks of Heschl's gyri, the planum temporale, and posterior superior temporal gyrus regions. Taken together, these results suggest that posterior human auditory cortex areas contain neuron populations that are sensitive to distance independent of intensity and of binaural cues relevant for directional hearing.

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“…Genzel et al's (4) study and the other recent research based on Wallach's (7) earlier work indicate that the actual ability to locate sound sources depends on an integration of different cues, not just one cue biasing perception based on another cue. Genzel et al (4) provide strong evidence that auditory motion parallax, like the visual analog, allows one to judge relative sound-source distance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the results of Genzel et al (4) indicate that listeners can use motion parallax to make relative distance judgments, what is not known is the extent to which auditory motion parallax is actually used to make sound-source distance judgments or to assist in navigation in ways that are similar to how parallax informs visual processing. In making comparisons to vision, it is crucial to recognize the many differences between sound and light, and between the auditory and visual systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But motion parallax can be made asymmetrical in virtual environments, leading to errors in observer motion while navigating in a virtual world. The results of Genzel et al (4) suggest that maybe alterations in auditory motion parallax in a virtual world could also influence listener motion. Thus, the work of Genzel et al (4) suggests a wide range of interesting additional experiments that might reveal crucial information about sound-source localization perception in real and virtual spaces.…”

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confidence: 99%

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