Public health: A burning issue

Subbaraman, Nidhi

doi:10.1038/513s16a

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The cases of lung cancer in these areas represent good models for studying the relationship between environmental factors and this fatal disease. Examples of air pollution-related lung cancer exist in Xuanwei City and neighboring region (Fuyuan County), Yunnan Province, China [6–8]. In these districts, the lung cancer incidence is four to five times higher than the national average, and non-smoking women suffer from lung cancer more frequently compared to those in other areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Oncotarget

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The lung cancer incidence in the Xuanwei and neighboring region, Yunnan, China, is among the highest in China and is attributed to severe air pollution with high benzo(a)pyrene levels. We systematically and comparatively analyzed DNA methylation alterations at genome and gene levels in Xuanwei lung cancer tissues and cell lines, as well as benzo(a)pyrene-treated cells and mouse samples. We obtained a comprehensive dataset of genome-wide cytosine-phosphate-guanine island methylation in air pollution-related lung cancer samples. Benzo(a)pyrene exposure induced multiple alterations in DNA methylation and in mRNA expressions of DNA methyltransferases and ten-11 translocation proteins; these alterations partially occurred in Xuanwei lung cancer. Furthermore, benzo(a)pyrene-induced DKK2 and EN1 promoter hypermethylation and LPAR2 promoter hypomethylation led to down-regulation and up-regulation of the genes, respectively; the down-regulation of DKK2 and EN1 promoted the cellular proliferation. Thus, DNA methylation alterations induced by benzo(a)pyrene contribute partially to abnormal DNA methylation in air pollution-related lung cancer, and these DNA methylation alterations may affect the development and progression of lung cancer. Additionally, vitamin C and B6 can reduce benzo(a)pyrene-induced DNA methylation alterations and may be used as chemopreventive agents for air pollution-related lung cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2016

Oncotarget

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“…However, in recent years, an unusually large number of non-smoking women from East Asia develop lung cancer. 11 The study of patients who have never smoked revealed that the causes of lung cancer are variable. 11 The most common sites of metastasis in elderly patients with lung cancer are the brain, liver, kidneys, bone, bone marrow, and adrenal glands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 The study of patients who have never smoked revealed that the causes of lung cancer are variable. 11 The most common sites of metastasis in elderly patients with lung cancer are the brain, liver, kidneys, bone, bone marrow, and adrenal glands. Rarely, lung cancer metastasizes to the eye, nose, parotid gland, and paranasal sinus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Unfortunately, the process that determines whether cancer spreads from the original tumor site to reach distant organs remains poorly understood, despite the devastating consequences of metastasis on disease prognosis. 11 For the occurrence of metastasis, the tumor must travel through the body, including the bloodstream. Therefore, serum biomarkers may be significant indicators of unusual activity in blood vessels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Ocular Metastasis in Elderly Lung Cancer Patients: Potential Risk Factors of CA-125, CA-153 and TPSA</p>

Zou

Shi

et al. 2020

CMAR

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At present, little is known regarding the specific risk factors of ocular metastasis (OM) in elderly patients with lung cancer. This study aimed to find out the risk factors of ocular metastasis. Methods: A total of 1615 elderly patients with lung cancer were recruited into this retrospective study between April 2001 and July 2016. These patients were divided into two groups, namely OM and non-ocular metastasis (NOM). Student's t-tests, nonparametric rank sum tests, and Chi-square tests were applied to describe whether there were significant differences between the OM group and NOM group. We compared a range of serum biomarkers between the two groups of patients, including alkaline phosphatase, calcium, hemoglobin, alphafetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA-125, CA-199, CA-153, CA-724, cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), TPSA and neuron specific enolase (NSE). We used binary logistic regression analysis to determine the risk factors and receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses to assess the diagnostic value for OM in CRC patients. Results: The incidence of OM in elderly patients with lung cancer was 2.0%. Binary logistic regression indicated that CA-125, CA-153, and total prostate specific antigen (TPSA) were identified as independent risk factors of OM in patients with lung cancer (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P=0.003, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of OM diagnosis were as follows: CA-125, 81.25% and 81.57%; CA-153, 68.75% and 83.78%; and TPSA, 81.25% and 90.03%, respectively. Conclusion: The serum concentrations of CA-125, CA-153, and TPSA have predictive value in the diagnosis of OM in elderly patients with lung cancer.

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“…Lung cancers have the highest incidence of all cancers and are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with about 1.8 million new cases and 1.6 million cancer-related deaths per year [3,4]. Only 17% of people diagnosed with lung cancers exhibit 5-year survivals [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample types applied for molecular diagnosis of therapeutic management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in the precision medicine

Han

2017

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Abstract:In this era of precision medicine, molecular biology is becoming increasingly significant for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of non-small cell lung cancer. The specimen as the primary element of the whole testing flow is particularly important for maintaining the accuracy of gene alteration testing. Presently, the main sample types applied in routine diagnosis are tissue and cytology biopsies. Liquid biopsies are considered as the most promising alternatives when tissue and cytology samples are not available. Each sample type possesses its own strengths and weaknesses, pertaining to the disparity of sampling, preparation and preservation procedures, the heterogeneity of inter-or intratumors, the tumor cellularity (percentage and number of tumor cells) of specimens, etc., and none of them can individually be a "one size to fit all". Therefore, in this review, we summarized the strengths and weaknesses of different sample types that are widely used in clinical practice, offered solutions to reduce the negative impact of the samples and proposed an optimized strategy for choice of samples during the entire diagnostic course. We hope to provide valuable information to laboratories for choosing optimal clinical specimens to achieve comprehensive functional genomic landscapes and formulate individually tailored treatment plans for NSCLC patients that are in advanced stages.

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Public health: A burning issue

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study

Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study

<p>Ocular Metastasis in Elderly Lung Cancer Patients: Potential Risk Factors of CA-125, CA-153 and TPSA</p>

Sample types applied for molecular diagnosis of therapeutic management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in the precision medicine

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