Public participation in EIA: A comparative study of the projects run by government and non-governmental organizations

Hasan, Arif; Nahiduzzaman, Kh Md; Aldosary, Adel S.

doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2018.05.001

Cited by 90 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…É evidente que o EIA e o licenciamento ambiental têm desempenhado um papel importante na mitigação dos impactos de projetos no Brasil, porém também ficou claro que o atual modelo de obtenção de licenças pode passar por diversas melhorias, tendo em vista ao longo período para a emissão das mesmas e o crescente litígio judicial após o licenciamento ambiental. Críticas como participação pública tardia e pouco efetiva, baixa qualidade dos estudos ambientais, acompanhamento precário dos projetos licenciados e desrespeito aos efeitos cumulativos de impactos, entre outras, se encontram presentes na literatura e, também, justificam aprimoramentos no processo de licenciamento ambiental (Glasson et al, 2012;Sánchez, 2013;Almeida et al, 2017;Hasan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Rodovia entre Porto Alegre e Rio Grande (Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil): diferença no licenciamento ambiental de dois trechos de rodovias

Almeida¹,

Rodrigues²,

Aquino³

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Gest. Amb. Sustent.

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O licenciamento ambiental tem sido objeto de diversas críticas, destacando o excesso de burocracia e o alto grau de subjetividade do processo. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar dois processos de licenciamento ambiental referentes às rodovias BR-116 e BR-392, conectando as cidades gaúchas de Porto Alegre até Pelotas e de Pelotas até Rio Grande, conduzido pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA). A pesquisa é do tipo documental e analisou o licenciamento ambiental de dois trechos rodoviários, enfocando a cronologia das emissões das licenças e os fatores que afetaram o trâmite dos processos. A abertura dos processos nos trechos de Porto Alegre até Pelotas e de Pelotas até Rio Grande ocorreram em agosto do ano de 2000 e em dezembro de 2002, respectivamente. A licença de operação para o trecho de Pelotas até Rio Grande ocorreu em abril do ano de 2014, 13 anos e oito meses após a abertura do seu processo. Para o trecho de Porto Alegre até Pelotas, em 2019, ano de análise dos processos, a sua licença de operação ainda não tinha sido emitida. Esse longo tempo para emissão das licenças ambientais reflete a complexidade do instrumento e pode ser explicado pelo grande número de órgãos envolvidos no processo.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Rodovia entre Porto Alegre e Rio Grande (Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil): diferença no licenciamento ambiental de dois trechos de rodovias

Almeida¹,

Rodrigues²,

Aquino³

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Gest. Amb. Sustent.

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“…This study was developed considering bottom-up and top-down approaches in the socio-ecological system [46,47]. Mainly, the stakeholders' participation process was designed considering different roles in the transformation of the socio-ecological system.…”

Section: Design Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bottom-Up and Top-Down Participatory Approach to Planning and Designing Local Urban Development: Evidence from an Urban University Center

Semeraro

Zaccarelli

Lara

et al. 2020

Land

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The urban area is characterized by different urban ecosystems that interact with different institutional levels, including different stakeholders and decision-makers, such as public administrations and governments. This can create many institutional conflicts in planning and designing the urban space. It would arguably be ideal for an urban area to be planned like a socio-ecological system where the urban ecosystem and institutional levels interact with each other in a multi-scale analysis. This work embraces a planning process that aims at being applied to a multi-institutional level approach that is able to match different visions and stakeholders' needs, combining bottom-up and top-down participation approaches. At the urban scale, the use of this approach is sometimes criticized because it appears to increase conflicts between the different stakeholders. Starting from a case study in the Municipality of Lecce, South Italy, we apply a top-down and bottom-up participation approach to overcome conflicts at the institutional levels in the use of the urban space in the Plan of the Urban University Center. The bottom-up participation action analyzes the vision of people that frequent the urban context. After that, we share this vision in direct comparison with decision-makers to develop the planning and design solutions. The final result is a draft of the hypothetical Plan of the Urban University Center. In this way, the bottom-up and top-down approaches are useful to match the need of the community that uses the area with the vision of urban space development of decision-makers, reducing the conflicts that can arise between different institutional levels. In this study, it also emerges that the urban question is not green areas vs. new buildings, but it is important to focus on the social use of the space to develop human well-being. With the right transition of information and knowledge between different institutional levels, the bottom-up and top-down approaches help develop an operative effective transdisciplinary urban plan and design. Therefore, public participation with bottom-up and top-down approaches is not a tool to obtain maximum consensus, but mainly a moment of confrontation to better address social issues in urban planning and design.

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“…The political structure of a country is thought to play a crucial role for public involvement in an EIA (Tang et al 2005;Hasan et al 2018). Generally speaking, public participation is valued less in countries where the political culture is less open and less democratic (Chen 2013;Purnama 2003).…”

Section: Public Participation and Improving The Eia Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing EIA systems in developing countries: A focus on capacity development in the case of Iran

Khosravi

Jha-Thakur

Fischer

2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Public participation in EIA: A comparative study of the projects run by government and non-governmental organizations

Cited by 90 publications

References 62 publications

Rodovia entre Porto Alegre e Rio Grande (Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil): diferença no licenciamento ambiental de dois trechos de rodovias

Rodovia entre Porto Alegre e Rio Grande (Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil): diferença no licenciamento ambiental de dois trechos de rodovias

A Bottom-Up and Top-Down Participatory Approach to Planning and Designing Local Urban Development: Evidence from an Urban University Center

Enhancing EIA systems in developing countries: A focus on capacity development in the case of Iran

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