Pulmonary Sequestration: An Unusual Cause for Massive Hemoptysis in an Adult Woman

Abstract

Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital anomaly characterized by nonfunctional lung parenchymal tissue receiving blood supply from systemic arteries instead of pulmonary arteries. It is a rare entity, and diagnosis is often missed given the condition’s presentation mimics other pulmonary diseases. Pulmonary sequestration leads to recurrent episodes of pneumonia, frequent hospital admissions, and, very rarely, fatal hemoptysis. Sometimes, pulmonary sequestration is diagnosed in adulthood when the patient presents with severe symptoms. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with intralobar sequestration whose symptoms manifested in adulthood as occasional hemoptysis for two months followed by one episode of massive hemoptysis. Our case highlights the need for timely surgical intervention and thorough preoperative evaluation with imaging for optimal patient outcomes.