Pulsed Power as a Science: Predictive Simulations for Beams, Z-Pinches, and Other Applications

Mehlhorn, T. A.

doi:10.1109/tps.2020.2967648

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 137 publications

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“…This MAP source technology was later transferred to Sandia National Laboratories, where additional improvements were implemented to the source and the device tested on a 4-stage, IVA. The development of the MAP + IVA technology was motivated by their light-ion fusion program and was reportedly scalable to many MW's of average power and 10's of MeV beam energy [46]. The SNL device produced the nominal peak parameters, W i ≃ 0.8 MeV, J = 1 kA cm −2 , ∆t = 0.1 µs, f = 120 Hz, P = 150 kW [47].…”

Section: Prototypical Iib Injectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralized, intense-ion beams for fusion

Wessel,

Egly,

Rogers

2024

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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- A charge- and current-neutralized, intense-ion beam (IIB) will propagate undeflected in a magnetized plasma by the $\bf{E}\times\bf{B}$, or diamagnetic, drift for a distance large compared to the beam-ion gyro-radius. This propagation occurs because of collective plasma effects when the beam-energy density is sufficient to sustain the polarization-electric field, or diamagnetic-screening currents. Our principal interest is the \exb, with $\beta = \mathcal{E}_\text{beam}/ \mathcal{E}_\text{field} < 1$. IIBs are characterized by parameters in the range: 0.1-2 MeV ion energy, 1-100 MA/m$^2$ ion-current density, and 17 - 350 kW average power produced on repetitively-pulsed systems. Multi-MW average-beam power is possible with appropriate modifications to the power supply and ion-source/accelerator. IIBs can be focused geometrically, and/or magnetically, to spot sizes of the order of a few cm's and their angular divergence is typically, $\sim$15 mRadians, suitable for long-range propagation in a vacuum beam-line. IIBs lose energy and momentum in the same manner as particles injected by a neutral-beam injector (NBIs), hence could be useful for fusion applications, including: heating, current drive, fueling, profile modifications, etc., and such applications have yet to be thoroughly studied. Summarized here are the physical principles accounting for IIB propagation; ion-source designs used to produce the IIB; and pulsed-power methods for energizing the IIB accelerator. This technology base informs scalable metrics for the ion-source/accelerator (excluding the HV power supply and interconnects) used in a conceptual injector that provides the same ion energy and injected power (1 MeV, 17 MW) as NBIs used on ITER. A comparison indicates that the IIB injector would be much smaller in size, lower cost, and have much greater efficiency, while also providing for real-time modulation of the beam energy and intensity and the use of small-diameter injection ports that could minimize fuel contamination and magnetic-field leakage between the IIB injector and tokamak.

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Section: Prototypical Iib Injectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralized, intense-ion beams for fusion

Wessel,

Egly,

Rogers

2024

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Neutronic and thermal analysis of fuel rod containing light water cell in a fusion-fission hybrid reactor

Abtahi

Tavakoli-Anbaran

Kiai

et al. 2022

Annals of Nuclear Energy

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A non-neutral generalized Ohm's law model for magnetohydrodynamics in the two-fluid regime

Crockatt

Shadid

2023

Physics of Plasmas

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A new non-neutral generalized Ohm's law (GOL) model for atomic plasmas is presented. This model differs from previous models of this type in that quasi-neutrality is not assumed at any point. Collisional effects due to ionization, recombination, and elastic scattering are included, and an expression for the associated plasma conductivity is derived. An initial set of numerical simulations are considered that compare the GOL model to a two-fluid model in the ideal (collisionless) case. The results demonstrate that solutions obtained from the two models are essentially indistinguishable in most cases when the ion–electron mass ratio is within the range of physical values for atomic plasmas. Additionally, some limitations of the model are discussed.

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Pulsed Power as a Science: Predictive Simulations for Beams, Z-Pinches, and Other Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 137 publications

Neutralized, intense-ion beams for fusion

Neutralized, intense-ion beams for fusion

Neutronic and thermal analysis of fuel rod containing light water cell in a fusion-fission hybrid reactor

A non-neutral generalized Ohm's law model for magnetohydrodynamics in the two-fluid regime

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