Pumilaside A from Litchi semen induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer BGC823 cells via activation of death receptor- and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of pumilaside A from Litchi semen against human gastric cancer BGC823 cells, and unravel its possible mechanism(s) of action. Methods: The cytotoxic activity of pumilaside A (5-40 μg/mL) against BGC823 cells was assessed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay. The pro-apoptotic effect of PA (10, 20 or 40 μg/mL) on BGC823 cells was monitored by flow cytometry, while the mechanisms involved were investigated using western blot. Results: Pumilaside A significantly produced cytotoxic activity against BGC823 cells (IC50 = 25.43 μg/mL) and induced apoptosis in BGC823 cells (p < 0.01). Treatment with pumilaside A led to significant upregulation of pro-apoptotic factors (Fas, FasL, FADD, Bax, Apaf-1, and c-caspase-8, 9 and 10), and downregulation of anti-apoptotic factors (survivin and Bcl-2, p < 0.05, 0.01). In addition, pumilaside A increased the cytoplasmic levels of Smac and cytochrome c in BGC823 cells by enhancing their mitochondrial release, and significantly upregulated the levels of executioner c-caspases-3, 6 and 7 (p < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion: Pumilaside A shows good cytotoxic activity against BGC823 cells via a mechanism related to activation of death receptor-and mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways. Thus, pumilaside A has a potential for use as an anti-gastric cancer agent.

Chemical profile and difference analysis of four parts of Strobilanthes sarcorrhiza by ultrafast flow liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis

“…In Figure S1C, the MS/MS spectrum of m/z 417.2493 [M‐H] − from compound 34, whose possible elemental composition is C 21 H 38 O 8 , showed four major fragment ions at m/z 385.1922 [M‐H‐CH 4 O] − , 255.1955 [M‐H‐C 6 H 10 O 5 ] − , 179.1501 [M‐H‐C 15 H 26 O 2 ] − , and 161.0430 [M‐H‐C 15 H 26 O 2 ‐H 2 O] − ; 179.1501 [M‐H‐C 15 H 26 O 2 ] − of compound 34 was thought to be a glucose moiety, followed by 161.0430 [M‐H‐C 15 H 26 O 2 ‐H 2 O] − which was thought to further lose a hydroxyl moiety; 255.1955 [M‐H‐C 6 H 10 O 5 ] − was hypothesized to be the glycoside portion of compound 34, and consulting the literature it may be a eudesmane‐type sesquiterpenoid moiety, with 385.1922 [M‐H‐CH 4 O] − further confirming the position of the methanol group on the sesquiterpene. Thus, compound 34 was considered to be pumilaside A (Zheng et al, 2018), which was also first identified in CTS.…”

“…For compound 19 in Figure S1B anol group on the sesquiterpene. Thus, compound 34 was considered to be pumilaside A (Zheng et al, 2018), which was also first identified in CTS. À was considered to be the glycoside portion of compound 40, which may be an ester according to the matching results between the fragment information and the…”

Study of Peliosanthes micrantha medicinal plant: UHPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS analysis of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity

“…found the same compound in Ficus pumila fruit and determined its structure as pumilaside A [16]. Hence, compound (2) was tentatively assigned as pumilaside A. Pumilaside A was also identified in Litchi semen and Artemisia vulgaris [17,18]. In conclusion, from the alcohol extract of P. micrantha's rhizomes, analyzed by ESI-QTOF negative and positive modes, and APCI-QTOF positive mode, one known compound of glycoside J-3 isolated in the Peliosanthes sinica and three known compounds, namely pumilaside A, pumilaside C, and β-sitosterol previously undescribed in the Peliosanthes genus were tentatively identified.…”