Punishment and psychopathy: a case-control functional MRI investigation of reinforcement learning in violent antisocial personality disordered men

Gregory, Sarah; Blair, James; ffytche, Dominic H.; Simmons, Andrew; Kumari, Veena; Hodgins, Sheilagh; Blackwood, Nigel

doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(14)00071-6

Cited by 95 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Importantly, the decreased activity in the dACC was associated with interpersonal-affective dimensions of psychopathy (97). However, Gregory et al (62) found more divergent neural activity in ASPD and psychopathy in a reversal learning setting. The researchers found that psychopathic individuals responded to punishment with increased activation of the posterior cingulate cortex and insula, whereas ASPD subjects showed decreased activity in these areas (62).…”

Section: Functional Mri Findings In Aspdmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, Gregory et al (62) found more divergent neural activity in ASPD and psychopathy in a reversal learning setting. The researchers found that psychopathic individuals responded to punishment with increased activation of the posterior cingulate cortex and insula, whereas ASPD subjects showed decreased activity in these areas (62). Further evidence for divergent neural correlates was provided by Murray, Shaw, Forbes, and Hyde (96) who showed that antisocial behavior, but not CU traits, was associated with decreased activity in the ventral striatum and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during reward anticipation.…”

Section: Functional Mri Findings In Aspdmentioning

confidence: 96%

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A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging of Psychopathic Traits

et al. 2020

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Introduction: Core psychopathy is characterized by grandiosity, callousness, manipulativeness, and lack of remorse, empathy, and guilt. It is often comorbid with conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Psychopathy is present in forensic as well as prison and general populations. In recent years, an increasing amount of neuroimaging studies has been conducted in order to elucidate the obscure neurobiological etiology of psychopathy. The studies have yielded heterogenous results, and no consensus has been reached.Aims: This study systematically reviewed and qualitatively summarized functional and structural neuroimaging studies conducted on individuals with psychopathic traits. Furthermore, this study aimed to evaluate whether the findings from different MRI modalities could be reconciled from a neuroanatomical perspective.Materials and Methods: After the search and auditing processes, 118 neuroimaging studies were included in this systematic literature review. The studies consisted of structural, functional, and diffusion tensor MRI studies.Results: Psychopathy was associated with numerous neuroanatomical abnormalities. Structurally, gray matter anomalies were seen in frontotemporal, cerebellar, limbic, and paralimbic regions. Associated gray matter volume (GMV) reductions were most pronounced particularly in most of the prefrontal cortex, and temporal gyri including the fusiform gyrus. Also decreased GMV of the amygdalae and hippocampi as well the cingulate and insular cortices were associated with psychopathy, as well as abnormal morphology of the hippocampi, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens. Functionally, psychopathy was associated with dysfunction of the default mode network, which was also linked to poor moral judgment as well as deficient metacognitive and introspective abilities. Second, reduced white matter integrity in the uncinate fasciculus and dorsal cingulum were associated with core psychopathy. Third, emotional detachment was associated with dysfunction of the posterior cerebellum, the human mirror neuron system and the Theory of Mind denoting lack of empathy and persistent failure in integrating affective information into cognition.Conclusions: Structural and functional aberrancies involving the limbic and paralimbic systems including reduced integrity of the uncinate fasciculus appear to be associated with core psychopathic features. Furthermore, this review points towards the idea that ASPD and psychopathy might stem from divergent biological processes.

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Section: Functional Mri Findings In Aspdmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Functional Mri Findings In Aspdmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging of Psychopathic Traits

et al. 2020

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“…Most notably, the amygdala, the ventromedial (VMPF) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (Blair, 2008), and the extended neural circuitry that is related to the broader paralimbic area of the brain (Kiehl, 2006) are among these regions. Functional MRI research also found, for example, reduced activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, the anterior insula and ventral striatum in offenders with comorbid ASPD and psychopathy relative to those with only ASPD (Gregory et al, 2015;Hosking et al, 2017). The correlation of psychopathic traits with dysregulation of attentional processes is another prominent example of cognitive deficiencies believed to differentiate this group from other antisocial populations.…”

Section: The Biocognitive Approach To Classification Of Antisocial Bementioning

confidence: 96%

Some Ethical Considerations About the Use of Biomarkers for the Classification of Adult Antisocial Individuals

Jurjako

Malatesti

Brazil

2019

International Journal of Forensic Mental Health

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It has been argued that a biomarker-informed classification system for antisocial individuals has the potential to overcome many obstacles in current conceptualizations of forensic and psychiatric constructs and promises better targeted treatments. However, some have expressed ethical worries about the social impact of the use of biological information for classification. Many have discussed the ethical and legal issues related to possibilities of using biomarkers for predicting antisocial behavior. We argue that prediction should not raise the most pressing ethical worries. Instead, issues connected with "biologization", such as stigmatization and negative effects on self-image, need more consideration. However, we conclude that also in this respect there are no principled ethical objections against the use of biomarkers to guide classification and treatment of adult antisocial individuals.

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“…Punishment sensitivity plays an important role in normal learning, decision making as well as emotion (Corr, 2004). Differences in sensitivity to punishment have been implicated in the aetiology or maintenance of a range of psychopathologies including conduct disorder (Briggs-Gowan et al, 2014;Dadds & Salmon, 2003), drug and behavioural addictions (Vanderschuren, Minnaard, Smeets, & Lesscher, 2017), eating disorders (Monteleone et al, 2018), psychopathy (Blair, Morton, Leonard, & Blair, 2006;Gregory et al, 2015), and depression (Elliott et al, 1996;Eshel & Roiser, 2010). Moreover, punishment sensitivity is an increasingly popular measure of the motivation to engage in drug-seeking and drug-taking (Augier et al, 2018;Deroche-Gamonet, Belin, & Piazza, 2004;Kasanetz et al, 2012;Marchant et al, 2018;Pascoli, Terrier, Hiver, & Luscher, 2015;Vanderschuren & Everitt, 2004;Vanderschuren et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Punishment insensitivity emerges from impaired contingency detection, not aversion insensitivity or reward dominance

Jean-Richard-dit-Bressel

Bradfield

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Jean Punishment insensitivity emerges from impaired contingency detection, not aversion insensitivity or reward dominance Abstract Our behaviour is shaped by its consequenceswe seek rewards and avoid harm. It has been reported that individuals vary markedly in their avoidance of detrimental consequences, i.e. in their sensitivity to punishment. The underpinnings of this variability are poorly understood; they may be driven by differences in aversion sensitivity, motivation for reward, and/or instrumental control. We examined these hypotheses by applying several analysis strategies to the behaviour of rats (n = 48; 18 female) trained in a task permitting concurrent assessment of punishment, reward-seeking, and Pavlovian fear. We show that

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Punishment and psychopathy: a case-control functional MRI investigation of reinforcement learning in violent antisocial personality disordered men

Cited by 95 publications

References 38 publications

A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging of Psychopathic Traits

A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging of Psychopathic Traits

Some Ethical Considerations About the Use of Biomarkers for the Classification of Adult Antisocial Individuals

Punishment insensitivity emerges from impaired contingency detection, not aversion insensitivity or reward dominance

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