Pupillary responses to differences in luminance, color and set size

Oster, Julia; Huang, Jeff; White, Brian J.; Radach, Ralph; Itti, Laurent; Munoz, Douglas P.; Wang, Chin‐An

doi:10.1007/s00221-022-06367-x

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Pupil metrics were analyzed [ 9 , 16 , 68 – 71 ], and similar to our previous research [ 72 , 73 ], four pupil indices were reported (Fig. 1 B).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Altered pupil light and darkness reflex and eye-blink responses in late-life depression

Lee,

Chang,

Tsai

et al. 2024

BMC Geriatr

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Background Late-life depression (LLD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder in the older population. While LLD exhibits high mortality rates, depressive symptoms in older adults are often masked by physical health conditions. In younger adults, depression is associated with deficits in pupil light reflex and eye blink rate, suggesting the potential use of these responses as biomarkers for LLD. Methods We conducted a study using video-based eye-tracking to investigate pupil and blink responses in LLD patients (n = 25), older (OLD) healthy controls (n = 29), and younger (YOUNG) healthy controls (n = 25). The aim was to determine whether there were alterations in pupil and blink responses in LLD compared to both OLD and YOUNG groups. Results LLD patients displayed significantly higher blink rates and dampened pupil constriction responses compared to OLD and YOUNG controls. While tonic pupil size in YOUNG differed from that of OLD, LLD patients did not exhibit a significant difference compared to OLD and YOUNG controls. GDS-15 scores in older adults correlated with light and darkness reflex response variability and blink rates. PHQ-15 scores showed a correlation with blink rates, while MoCA scores correlated with tonic pupil sizes. Conclusions The findings demonstrate that LLD patients display altered pupil and blink behavior compared to OLD and YOUNG controls. These altered responses correlated differently with the severity of depressive, somatic, and cognitive symptoms, indicating their potential as objective biomarkers for LLD.

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“…Pupil metrics were analyzed [ 9 , 16 , 68 – 71 ], and similar to our previous research [ 72 , 73 ], four pupil indices were reported (Fig. 1 B).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Altered pupil light and darkness reflex and eye-blink responses in late-life depression

Lee,

Chang,

Tsai

et al. 2024

BMC Geriatr

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“…Future studies should test whether the pupil light response can be triggered to reflect item size rather than numerosity if participants’ attention is cued towards that feature. Also, it would be interesting for future research to quantify the saliency of the numerosity change compared to the other visual features, using a saliency model such as Oster et al 29 , to attempt to investigate the pupillary response to luminance, color and set size using this approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation to numerosity affects the pupillary light response

Caponi,

Castaldi,

Burr

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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We recently showed that the gain of the pupillary light response depends on numerosity, with weaker responses to fewer items. Here we show that this effect holds when the stimuli are physically identical but are perceived as less numerous due to numerosity adaptation. Twenty-eight participants adapted to low (10 dots) or high (160 dots) numerosities and subsequently watched arrays of 10–40 dots, with variable or homogeneous dot size. Luminance was constant across all stimuli. Pupil size was measured with passive viewing, and the effects of adaptation were checked in a separate psychophysical session. We found that perceived numerosity was systematically lower, and pupillary light responses correspondingly smaller, following adaptation to high rather than low numerosities. This is consistent with numerosity being a primary visual feature, spontaneously encoded even when task irrelevant, and affecting automatic and unconscious behaviours like the pupillary light response.

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“…Factors investigated for possible relationships with pupil size are gender, iris color, age, refractive error etc. [4,10,11] In the literature, it was emphasized that there was no significant difference in pupil size between males and female;s and there was no correlation with iris color. [10] In our study, we did not find any difference in mean pupil diameters between males and females, in agreement with the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its measurement can help detecting anomalies and knowledge of its normal range is essential for the optical industry. [4] It is considered the key factor for optimal optical quality in refractive surgery. [5] Several studies have evaluated the relationship between ablation site and pupil diameter with a focus on night vision problems after refractive surgery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] Pupil diameter also plays an important role in the design of bifocal or multifocal contact lenses, which are designed to get through optimal visual performance under various lighting conditions and at all viewing distances. [4,9] Pupil size is also an important consideration for intraocular multifocal or bifocal lenses. Because after successful intraocular placement of these lenses, optimal visual performance should be achieved at all viewing distances under varying brightness conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The influence of brightness, age and refractive errors on pupil size

Yılmaz,

Özçelik

2022

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Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of age, gender and refractive status on pupil size under different illuminance conditions in presbyopic healthy people. Methods: A total of 75 volunteers (49 females and 26 males) were included in the study. The medical records of each participant was reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups according to their age and refractive errors. Pupil responses were evaluated with the automated pupillometry function of the Sirius Topographer. Relationship between pupil size and age, sex, laterality, dominant eye, refrative errors were analyzed by statistical analyses. Results: In the early aged presbyopia group of patients the mean value of the hyperopic group was higher than the other two groups in photopic measurements. In scotopic condition, the mean value of the myopic group was found to be higher than the emmetropic and hyperopic groups. No difference was observed in the comparison of mesopic measurements in all three groups. In the patients with established presbyopia, myopic pupil diameter was higher compared to emmetropic and hyperopic pupils in all illuminances. There was a difference only in the scotopic condition when comparing the emmetropic and hyperopic groups. Pupil size did not change with age in all three conditions in emmetropic eyes. Pupil diameter decreased in all three conditions with age in hyperopics. Photopic and mesopic pupil size increased with age in myopics. Conclusion: The results of this study support that the effects of patient age and refractive status on pupil diameter are important in optimal lens design.

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Pupillary responses to differences in luminance, color and set size

Cited by 7 publications

References 74 publications

Altered pupil light and darkness reflex and eye-blink responses in late-life depression

Altered pupil light and darkness reflex and eye-blink responses in late-life depression

Adaptation to numerosity affects the pupillary light response

The influence of brightness, age and refractive errors on pupil size

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