Pupillometry and neuroimaging methods in patients with Parkinson's disease

Pupillometric findings in patients with Parkinson's disease and cognitive disorder

“…According to the procedure and the experimental conditions described above, VCmax and ACmax were found significantly lower in both groups of PD patients compared to the control group. This finding is similar to those of Fotiou et al (2000a) and Giza et al (2006). The comparison of the pupillometric findings between the two groups showed that the group with coexisting cognitive decline had significantly lower levels of AMP and especially VCmax and ACmax than the group without cognitive disorder.…”

“…Furthermore, it was not mentioned whether their patients had any coexisting psychiatric disorders or cognitive deficits. Previous studies which were conducted in the Laboratory of Clinical Neurophysiology of the Aristotle University in the AHEPA University Hospital (Fotiou et al, 2000a;Giza et al, 2006) indicate the presence of pathological pupillometric findings in PD patients, concerning VCmax and ACmax. The PD patients of those previous studies did not have any detectable cognitive deficits or psychiatric disorders.…”

“…However whether those PD patients had any psychiatric disorders or cognitive deficits is not mentioned in these studies. Two pupillometric studies of 9 and 27 PD patients with no coexisting mood disorder or cognitive impairment by Fotiou et al (2003) and Giza et al (2006) showed statistically significant decrease in Maximum Constriction Velocity (VCmax) and Maximum Constriction Acceleration (ACmax) of the pupil compared with healthy subjects.…”

Cholinergic deficiency in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease: Evaluation with pupillometry

“…Beaumont et al (1987), Harris (1991) and Micieli et al (1991) found that PD patients developed reduced peak constriction amplitude (PCA), similar to AD patients (Beaumont et al, 1987;Micieli et al, 1991). However, whether PD patients had any psychiatric disorders or cognitive deficits is not mentioned in these studies, whereas, Fotiou et al (2003) and Giza et al (2006) studied pupillometry on nine and 27 PD patients respectively with no coexisting mood disorder or cognitive impairment.…”

“…Furthermore, it was not mentioned whether their patients had any coexisting psychiatric disorders or cognitive deficits. Previous studies (Fotiou et al, 2000a;Giza et al, 2006) indicate the presence of pathological pupillometric findings in PD patients, concerning VCmax and ACmax. The PD patients of those previous studies did not have any detectable cognitive deficits or psychiatric disorders.…”