Pyrolysis and gasification kinetic behavior of mango seed shells using TG-FTIR-GC–MS system under N2 and CO2 atmospheres

Yousef, Samy; Eimontas, Justas; Striūgas, Nerijus; Abdelnaby, Mohammed Ali

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2021.04.034

Cited by 50 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The bottom method involves stacking atoms together to form nanosized materials; common examp include thermal carbonization, plasma treatment, microwave synthesis, and hydroth mal synthesis [20][21][22]. The CDs can be obtained from almost any organic compound, su as banana [23] mango seed [24] wheat flour [25] or any chemical compounds that have H, and O bonds present in them, such as ascorbic acid [26] and, citric acid, etc. [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Quantum Dots: The Role of Surface Functional Groups and Proposed Mechanisms for Metal Ion Sensing

2023

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Carbon dots (CDs) are zero-dimensional nanomaterials composed of carbon and surface groups attached to their surface. CDs have a size smaller than 10 nm and have potential applications in different fields such as metal ion detection, photodegradation of pollutants, and bio-imaging, in this review, the capabilities of CDs in metal ion detection will be described. Quantum confinement is generally viewed as the key factor contributing to the uniqueness of CDs characteristics due to their small size and the lack of attention on the surface functional groups and their roles is given, however, in this review paper, the focus will be on the functional group and the composition of CDs. The surface functional groups depend on two parameters: (i) the oxidation of precursors and (ii) their composition. The mechanism of metal ion detection is still being studied and is not fully understood. This review article emphasizes the current development and progress of CDs, focusing on metal ion detection based on a new perspective.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Quantum Dots: The Role of Surface Functional Groups and Proposed Mechanisms for Metal Ion Sensing

2023

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“…Additionally, it is crucial to follow proper safety protocols when handling used face masks, as they may be contaminated with potentially hazardous materials [10]. Based on that, the collected WMs with dry basis undergo mechanical pre-treatment for size reduction and better flux heating exchange and transfer during the conversion process, where the quality of the formulating products is directly affected by the feedstock's particle size [38]. The collected WMs were crushed and then converted into granules (Figure 1B,C).…”

Section: Analysis Of Wms Generated In the Eu During Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of Thermochemical Conversion of Waste Masks Generated in the EU during COVID-19 Pandemic into Energy Products

2023

Self Cite

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, more than 24 billion pieces of surgical mask waste (WM) were generated in the EU region, with an acute shortage of their management and recycling. Pyrolysis and gasification are among the most promising treatments that were proposed to dispose of WMs and convert them into pyrolysis oil and hydrogen-rich syngas. This work aimed to investigate the techno-economic analysis (TEA) of both treatments in order to assess the feasibility of scaling up. The TEA was carried out using a discounted cash flow model and its data were collected from practical experiments conducted using a fluidised bed pyrolysis reactor and bubbling fluidised bed gasifier system with a capacity of 0.2 kg/h and 1 kg/h, respectively, then upscaling to one tonne/h. The technological evaluation was made based on the optimal conditions that could produce the maximum amount of pyrolysis oil (42.3%) and hydrogen-rich syngas (89.7%). These treatments were also compared to the incineration of WMs as a commercial solution. The discounted payback, simple payback, net present value (NPV), production cost, and internal rate of return (IRR) were the main indicators used in the economic feasibility analysis. Sensitivity analysis was performed using SimLab software with the help of Monte Carlo simulations. The results showed that the production cost of the main variables was estimated at 45.4 EUR/t (gate fee), 71.7 EUR/MWh (electricity), 30.5 EUR/MWh (heat), 356 EUR/t (oil), 221 EUR/t (gaseous), 237 EUR/t (char), and 257 EUR/t (syngas). Meanwhile, the IRR results showed that gasification (12.51%) and incineration (7.56%) have better economic performance, while pyrolysis can produce less revenue (1.73%). Based on the TEA results, it is highly recommended to use the gasification process to treat WMs, yielding higher revenue.

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“…The main reducing gas composition analysis conducted through the use of a gas composition analyzer is displayed in Figure 5a-f. As for the pyrolysis process of waste straw biomass, CO, H 2 and CH 4 were major reducing gases, and CO 2 was the important gas during waste straw biomass pyrolysis [49]. Therefore, CO, CO 2 , H 2 and CH 4 would be studied in this process.…”

Section: Gas Composition Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Waste Straw Biomass in Suspension Magnetization Roasting of Refractory Iron Ore: Iron Recovery, Gas Analysis and Roasted Product Characterization

Cao,

Sun,

Gao

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The straw-type biomass, as a green and alternative reductant for the suspension magnetization roasting (SMR) of iron ores, is proposed. The roasted products are investigated at a roasting temperature of 750 °C, the roasting time of 7.5 min and the biomass dose of 25%. The iron phase results indicate that hematite ores were reduced to magnetite by the biomass, and the magnetization transformation increased from 0.64 A·m2·g−1 to 36.93 A·m2·g−1. The iron ore microstructure evolutions of holes and fissures are detected by SEM-EDS. The biomass pyrolyzed to form CO2, CO, CH4, H2O, H2, C=O, benzene skeleton, C-Hand C-O compounds at 200–450 °C, while the mass loss of the magnetization roasting process occurred at 450–750 °C by using TG-FTIR. The GC/MS results showed that the organic gases preferred to produce the O-heterocycles at 329 °C while the hydrocarbons were dominant at the high temperature of 820 °C for the hematite ore and biomass mixture. The gas composition analysis explained that the reducing gaseous products (CO, CH4 and H2) were used as a reductant and consumed obviously by hematite ore in the SMR process. The innovative utilization of biomass waste was effective for iron recovery of hematite ore and contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gases and the protection of the environment.

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Pyrolysis and gasification kinetic behavior of mango seed shells using TG-FTIR-GC–MS system under N2 and CO2 atmospheres

Cited by 50 publications

References 58 publications

Carbon Quantum Dots: The Role of Surface Functional Groups and Proposed Mechanisms for Metal Ion Sensing

Carbon Quantum Dots: The Role of Surface Functional Groups and Proposed Mechanisms for Metal Ion Sensing

Techno-Economic Analysis of Thermochemical Conversion of Waste Masks Generated in the EU during COVID-19 Pandemic into Energy Products

Utilization of Waste Straw Biomass in Suspension Magnetization Roasting of Refractory Iron Ore: Iron Recovery, Gas Analysis and Roasted Product Characterization

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