Pyrotechnics and The Environment

Vrcelj, Ranko M.

doi:10.1002/9783527816651.ch5

Energetic Materials and Munitions 2019

DOI: 10.1002/9783527816651.ch5

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Pyrotechnics and The Environment

Ranko M. Vrcelj

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2021

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Determination of Particulate Matter Emission Factors of Common Pyrotechnic Articles

Keller

Schragen

2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The measurement of particulate matter (TSP, PM 10, and PM 2.5 ) emitted by pyrotechnic articles is described. For this purpose, pyrotechnic articles for entertainment purposes of category F2 (i. e. consumer fireworks according to European legislation) are examined exemplarily. The aim was to determine reliable emission factors (EF). Different types of pyrotechnic articles were used to obtain a more representative database. Commonly used analytical methods, like impactor technology, are accompanied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to obtain a better insight into the nature of the emissions. Specific emission factors are determined for each pyrotechnic article. In the absence of activity rates, an average specific emission factor can be used to assess emission inventories. The average emission factors for investigated articles are 253 g PM 10 per kg net explosive content (NEC) and 200 g PM 2.5 per kg NEC. The highest emission is found for a battery of shot tubes, the lowest emission of particulate matter is found for a fountain-like pyrotechnic article. Furthermore, the hypothesis is assessed whether it makes a difference to determine emission data based on pyrotechnic mixtures or pyrotechnic articles. It is demonstrated that the combustion of pyrotechnic articles generates a higher amount of particulate matter than the combustion of pyrotechnic mixtures.

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Determination of Particulate Matter Emission Factors of Common Pyrotechnic Articles

Keller

Schragen

2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Pyrotechnics and The Environment

Cited by 1 publication

References 51 publications

Determination of Particulate Matter Emission Factors of Common Pyrotechnic Articles

Determination of Particulate Matter Emission Factors of Common Pyrotechnic Articles

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