QTL analysis of deep‐sowing tolerance during seed germination in the maize IBM Syn4 RIL population

Han, Qiang; Shen, Yao; Lv, Lv; Lee, Michael; Lübberstedt, Thomas; Zhao, Guangyao

doi:10.1111/pbr.12864

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The unusually poor germination by Mo17 was likely exacerbated by the humid conditions in the growth bags combined with the microbial activity, because germination success was much higher under more realistic field conditions (see Microbe-Dependent Heterosis in Two Field Sites). This aligns with past work demonstrating that the emergence success of Mo17 drops rapidly with excess moisture and other stresses, whereas B73 is less sensitive (12)(13)(14). In the two sterile treatments, B73 and B73xMo17 germinated equally well.…”

Section: Significancesupporting

confidence: 89%

Microbe-dependent heterosis in maize

Wagner

Tang

Salvato

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Hybrids account for nearly all commercially planted varieties of maize and many other crop plants because crosses between inbred lines of these species produce first-generation [F1] offspring that greatly outperform their parents. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, called heterosis or hybrid vigor, are not well understood despite over a century of intensive research. The leading hypotheses—which focus on quantitative genetic mechanisms (dominance, overdominance, and epistasis) and molecular mechanisms (gene dosage and transcriptional regulation)—have been able to explain some but not all of the observed patterns of heterosis. Abiotic stressors are known to impact the expression of heterosis; however, the potential role of microbes in heterosis has largely been ignored. Here, we show that heterosis of root biomass and other traits in maize is strongly dependent on the belowground microbial environment. We found that, in some cases, inbred lines perform as well by these criteria as their F1 offspring under sterile conditions but that heterosis can be restored by inoculation with a simple community of seven bacterial strains. We observed the same pattern for seedlings inoculated with autoclaved versus live soil slurries in a growth chamber and for plants grown in steamed or fumigated versus untreated soil in the field. In a different field site, however, soil steaming increased rather than decreased heterosis, indicating that the direction of the effect depends on community composition, environment, or both. Together, our results demonstrate an ecological phenomenon whereby soil microbes differentially impact the early growth of inbred and hybrid maize.

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Section: Significancesupporting

confidence: 89%

Microbe-dependent heterosis in maize

Wagner

Tang

Salvato

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Our previous study also drew a similar conclusion [7]. Several key genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to deep-sowing tolerance were then identified and analyzed in our later research [1,3,8,9]. For instance, Affymetrix GeneChip analysis using a deep-sowing-tolerant maize inbred line, 3681-4, indicated that GA receptor GID1, transcriptional factor MYB, DELLA protein DWRF8 genes might play a critical role in GA3-induced mesocotyl elongation under deep-sowing conditions [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…In another study, 243 IBM Syn4 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) constructed with B73 and Mo17 as parents were also used for QTL analysis of deep-sowing tolerance, and 7, 7, 5, 10 and 2 QTLs for emergence rate, seedling length, plumule length, mesocotyl length and coleoptile length, respectively, were detected. [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Key Genes and Pathways Involved in Seed Germination of Maize Tolerant to Deep-Sowing

Wang

et al. 2022

Plants

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To improve our understanding of the mechanism of maize seed germination under deep sowing, transcriptome sequencing and physiological metabolism analyses were performed using B73 embryos separated from ungerminated seeds (UG) or seeds germinated for 2 d at a depth of 2 cm (normal sowing, NS) or 20 cm (deep sowing, DS). Gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that “response to oxidative stress” and “monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body” were the most significant GO terms in up- and down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of DS. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis suggested that “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” and “starch and sucrose metabolism” were critical processes in maize seed germination under deep-sowing conditions. Consistent with DEGs, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidases and α-amylase, as well as the contents of gibberellin 4, indole acetic acid, zeatin and abscisic acid were significantly increased, while the jasmonic-acid level was dramatically reduced under deep-sowing stress. The expressions of six candidate genes were more significantly upregulated in B73 (deep-sowing-tolerant) than in Mo17 (deep-sowing-sensitive) at 20 cm sowing depth. These findings enrich our knowledge of the key biochemical pathways and genes regulating maize seed germination under deep-sowing conditions, which may help in the breeding of varieties tolerant to deep sowing.

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“…The length of seedling, plumule, and mesocotyl were used as indexes of seed germination in abiotic stress [31,32]. In the low-temperature condition, the mesocotyl was too short to measure accurately.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTL Mapping Low-Temperature Germination Ability in the Maize IBM Syn10 DH Population

Han

Zhu

Shen

et al. 2022

Plants

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Chilling injury poses a serious threat to seed emergence of spring-sowing maize in China, which has become one of the main climatic limiting factors affecting maize production in China. It is of great significance to mine the key genes controlling low-temperature tolerance during seed germination and study their functions for breeding new maize varieties with strong low-temperature tolerance during germination. In this study, 176 lines of the intermated B73 × Mo17 (IBM) Syn10 doubled haploid (DH) population, which comprised 6618 bin markers, were used for QTL analysis of low-temperature germination ability. The results showed significant differences in germination related traits under optimum-temperature condition (25 °C) and low-temperature condition (10 °C) between two parental lines. In total, 13 QTLs were detected on all chromosomes, except for chromosome 5, 7, 10. Among them, seven QTLs formed five QTL clusters on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 under the low-temperature condition, which suggested that there may be some genes regulating multiple germination traits at the same time. A total of 39 candidate genes were extracted from five QTL clusters based on the maize GDB under the low-temperature condition. To further screen candidate genes controlling low-temperature germination, RNA-Seq, in which RNA was extracted from the germination seeds of B73 and Mo17 at 10 °C, was conducted, and three B73 upregulated genes and five Mo17 upregulated genes were found by combined analysis of RNA-Seq and QTL located genes. Additionally, the variations of Zm00001d027976 (GLABRA2), Zm00001d007311 (bHLH transcription factor), and Zm00001d053703 (bZIP transcription factor) were found by comparison of amino sequence between B73 and Mo17. This study will provide a theoretical basis for marker-assisted breeding and lay a foundation for further revealing molecular mechanism of low-temperature germination tolerance in maize.

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QTL analysis of deep‐sowing tolerance during seed germination in the maize IBM Syn4 RIL population

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Microbe-dependent heterosis in maize

Microbe-dependent heterosis in maize

Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Key Genes and Pathways Involved in Seed Germination of Maize Tolerant to Deep-Sowing

QTL Mapping Low-Temperature Germination Ability in the Maize IBM Syn10 DH Population

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