QUALIDADE DA CARNE E RESPOSTAS DE ESTRESSE EM Piaractus mesopotamicus APÓS EXPOSIÇÃO í­â‚¬ NÍVEIS SUBLETAIS DE AMÔNIA E SUBSEQUENTE RECUPERAÇÃO

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate de effect of the exposure to sub-lethal levels of ammonia on blood parameters and flesh quality of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), including assessment of such parameters post recovery in ammonia-free water. Juveniles (27.1 ± 5.4 g) were exposed to concentrations of ammonia at 0.0 (control); 0.5; and 1.0 mg N-NH3 L-1 for 10 days followed by the same period of recovery in ammonia-free water. On the 10th day post exposure and after a recovery period, samples of blood were taken for glucose, lactate analyses and evaluation of haematocrit. To evaluate lipid peroxidation, proximate composition and sensory analysis, samples of muscle/fillets were also obtained. Exposure to ammonia caused alterations in haematological response and negatively affected sensory analysis of pacu fillet. However, proximate composition was unchanged and lipid peroxidation process was not intensified in muscle. In conclusion, exposure to sublethal levels of ammonia induces secondary stress responses and altered the organoleptic characteristics of pacu flesh. Nevertheless, a recovery period of 10 days was sufficient to allow for a complete restoration of the homeostasis and organoleptic characteristics of the fillet.

Effects of suspended solids in the survival and haematological parameters of pacu juveniles ( Piaractus mesopotamicus ) in a biofloc technology culture system

“…The higher blood glucose levels in stressed fish are directly associated with increased carbohydrate metabolism (Lemos et al, 2018), which was an expected result in this study. Similar evidence has also been reported in different stressful situations for pacu in other studies (Copatti et al, 2019;Nitz et al, 2019;Pinto et al, 2019).…”

“…In Brazil, it is part of a group known as round fish that represent the second largest group of farmed fish (Valenti et al, 2021). In addition, this species is resistant to low oxygen levels (Cunha Bastos et al, 2007; Nitz et al, 2020b) and tolerates medium and high ammonia levels (Nitz et al, 2019) and adverse conditions of acid and alkaline pH in water (Copatti et al, 2019; Pellegrin et al, 2020). Moreover, pacu are omnivorous and have a low‐protein diet based on vegetables, consequently reducing production costs (Urbinati et al, 2010; Valladão et al, 2016).…”

Proximate composition, fatty acids and nutritional indices of promising freshwater fish species from Serrasalmidae family

“…Datos morfométricos y resultados de la composición aproximada de cuatro especies de peces de agua dulce del Brasil de la familia Serrasalmidae. content was found in C. macropomum compared to P. mesopotamicus, and both fish species were reported with similar moisture content (Nitz et al, 2019;Silva et al, 2018;Sousa et al, 2019). In the present study, although no difference (p > 0.05) was observed in ash content among PM, CM and PC, a similarity (p > 0.05) in moisture, lipid, and protein contents was only observed between PC and CM.…”

“…Considering fish farmed in Brazil, similar values of lipids were reported for Colossoma macropomum and Piaractus mesopotamicus X Colossoma macropomum (Castro et al, 2007;Silva et al, 2018;Sousa et al, 2019), while Piaractus mesopotamicus has been usually reported with higher lipid content than C. macropomum and P. mesopotamicus X C. macropomum (Andrade et al, 1995;Nitz et al, 2019). Moreover, some authors observed similar ash content between P. mesopotamicus and C. macropomum (Nitz et al, 2019;Sousa et al, 2019). On the other hand, higher protein Table 1.…”

Secondary stress responses to hypoxia and re‐oxygenation at different temperatures in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) juveniles

“…In addition, pacu is an established aquaculture species with good potential for intensive aquaculture due to its hardiness including a high tolerance to low DO levels, different temperature ranges, as well as contrasting pH levels and high concentrations of ammonia. It also has high growth performance and produces fillets with excellent nutritional quality that are well‐accepted by the consumer market (Jomori, Carneiro, Malheiros, & Portella, 2003; Nitz et al., 2019; Pellegrin, Nitz, Maltez, Copatti, & Garcia, 2020; Pinto et al., 2019; Sampaio et al., 2008). In fish farms, it is also susceptible to hypoxia conditions due to high stocking density conditions (Bittencourt et al., 2010).…”