Quantification and In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Selenium from Osborne Fractions of Selenium‐Rich Cereal Grains

Abstract

Cereal Chem. 93(4):339-343Cereal crops cultivated in the seleniferous belt of Punjab, India, were observed to hyperaccumulate a significantly high concentration of selenium (20-123 µg/g). Selenium concentration (µg/g) in storage proteins of wheat, maize, and rice, namely, albumin (401, 280, and 29, respectively), globulin (264, 192, and 242, respectively), glutelin (563, 359, and 178, respectively), and prolamin (629, 339, and 257, respectively) indicated variable selenium levels, with prolamin contributing significantly higher levels of selenium when compared with other proteins with reference to the total concentration of the protein fraction. The simulated gastric and gastrointestinal digestion studies indicated better accessibility of selenium during intestinal digestion, with variability across proteins and cereal types. The observations provide an insight into the bioavailability of selenium in selenium-rich cereal grains, used in the study, and their potential use as source for selenium supplementation to deficient populations, or as "bioactive" selenium-rich nutraceutical blends for health benefits. † Corresponding

Selenium supplementation through Se-rich dietary matrices can upregulate the anti-inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophages

“…The whole wheat grains accumulate up to 122.9 ± 0.6 µg/g Se than maize (26.5 ± 0.2 µg/g) and rice (19.7 ± 0.2 µg/g). In the in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion studies, the intestinal accessibility of Se describes its potential bioavailability through dietary supplementation to the SeDef population (Dhanjal, Sharma, & Nagaraja, 2016). …”

“…The colour intensity was measured with fluorescence spectrometer (Perkin Elmer LS-45) at emission spectrum of 520 nm corresponding to the amount of selenite present in the wheat extracts (SeW/NSeW). The emission spectrum of NIST certified Selenium ICP standard solution (SRM-1349) was used for Se quantification (Dhanjal, Sharma, & Nagaraja, 2016). …”

“…Se can potentially help in switching the arachidonic acid pathway from pro-inflammatory expression to anti-inflammatory responses and reduce the risk of cancer (Lu et al, 2015), arthritis (Onal, Naziroglu, Colak, Bulut, & Flores-Arce, 2011), and other cardiovascular diseases (Bukkens et al, 2013). In recent past, our group has been reported the significant hyperaccumulation of Se in staple crops ranging from 20 to 123 µg/g in wheat, maize and rice matrices (Dhanjal, Sharma, & Nagaraja, 2016). In Se rich wheat (Cubadda et al, 2010) and rice (Premarathna et al, 2012), 90% of Se content is in the form of seleniomethionine (SeMet).…”

“…In Se rich wheat (Cubadda et al, 2010) and rice (Premarathna et al, 2012), 90% of Se content is in the form of seleniomethionine (SeMet). The in-vitro gastrointestinal digestion studies show a better accessibility of Se in terms of SeMet during intestinal digestion (Dhanjal, Sharma, & Nagaraja, 2016; Cubadda et al, 2010). These Se-rich matrices provide efficient reservoir for long term shortage (Behne, Alber, & Kyriakopoulos, 2009), facilitating the availability of Se through catabolism of SeMet during the natural protein turn-over (Zeng, Botnen, & Jhonson, 2008).…”

Speciation of Selenium in Brown Rice Fertilized with Selenite and Effects of Selenium Fertilization on Rice Proteins

“…These indicate that prolamin and globulin also contribute to the tolerance to Se toxicity in rice owing to their high capacities for selenoamino acids. Dhanjal et al [ 34 ] found that prolamin and globulin contained larger amounts of Se than glutelin and albumin, and prolamin showed a high capacity for Se at the high Se concentration treatments in wheat, maize, and rice.…”