Quantification of 31 volatile organic compounds in whole blood using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry☆

Blount, Benjamin C.; Kobelski, Robert J.; McElprang, David O.; Ashley, David L.; Morrow, John C.; Chambers, David M.; Cardinali, Frederick L.

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.01.019

Cited by 124 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…From the 1970's onward TCE became of environmental concern, due to evaporation while handling, chemical processing and leakage from chemical waste sites, leading to its contamination of ground water and air (Wu and Schaum, 2000;Ellis and Rivett, 2007;Fan et al, 2009). As a consequence, TCE has been detected in the blood of a large number of nonoccupationally exposed adults (Churchill et al, 2001;Blount et al, 2006). Concern was raised about possible long term health effects of TCE and a number of epidemiology studies has suggested links between TCE exposure and an increased incidence of tumours at a number of sites (Moore et al, 2010;Scott and Chiu, 2006;Scott and Jinot, 2011;Wartenberg et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichloroethylene-induced formic aciduria: Effect of dose, sex and strain of rat

2013

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Yaqoob, N, Evans, AR and Lock, EATrichloroethylene-induced formic aciduria: effect of dose, sex and strain of rat.http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/1383/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. AbstractThe industrial solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) has been reported to increase the excretion of formic acid in the urine of male Fischer 344 (F-344) rats following large oral doses. We have examined the dose-response relationship for formic aciduria in male and female Fischer 344 rats, the effect of some known metabolites of TCE and examined the response in male Wistar rats to help understand its relevance to renal toxicity. We report that doses of TCE as low as 8mg/kg for 3 days to both male and female F344 rats produced formic aciduria. The formic aciduria was time-dependent being more marked after 3 doses compared to one dose in male F344 rats and to a lesser extent in female F344 rats. TCE administration to male Wistar rats produced less formic aciduria than in male F344 rats, indicating a strain difference in response.As TCE is primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 2E1, Wistar rats were administered inducers of cytochrome P450 2E1 followed by TCE, this increased formic acid excretion to a concentration similar to that observed in male F344 rats, indicating a role for P450.Administration of the major metabolites of TCE, trichloroethanol and trichloroacetic acid to male F344 rats also produced a marked and sustained formic aciduria, while the metabolite of TCE formed via glutathione conjugation had no effect on formic acid excretion. The mechanism whereby this response occurs is currently not understood, but the formic acid excreted is not a metabolite of TCE, but appears to be due to interference with the metabolic utilization of formate by a down stream metabolite of TCE. Over the three days of the studies no histopathological evidence of kidney toxicity was observed in F344 rats given TCE, indicating that the perturbation of formate metabolism does not lead to acute renal injury.3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichloroethylene-induced formic aciduria: Effect of dose, sex and strain of rat

2013

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“…SPME, in combination with GC and HPLC, was reported to have been used for the analysis of VOCs and SVOCs in indoor air (Hippelein 2006), lower troposphere (Mangani et al 2003), gaseous industrial effluents (Domeño et al 2004), and human breath (Spinhirne et al 2004). Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds were extracted with the SPME technique also from water samples (Bravo-Linares et al 2007) and biological samples: plant and animal tissues and organisms (Isidorov et al 2005a, b;Villaverde et al 2007), bacteria (Gu et al 2007), and blood (Blount et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HS-SPME/GC–MS analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted from municipal sewage sludge

Kotowska

Żalikowski

Isidorov

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The aim of the research involved identification and semi-quantitative determination of unknown volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted to air by sewage sludge formed in the process of municipal wastewater treatment in a sewage treatment plant. Samples taken directly after completion of the technological process as well as the sludge stored on the premise of the sewage treatment plant were analyzed. A simple method using off-line headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been proposed for extraction and detection of organic pollutants. For reliable identification of compounds, combination of two independent parameters: mass spectra and linear temperature programmed retention indices were employed. Over 170 compounds of different structure were identified including aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, carbonyls, as well as sulfur, nitrogen, and chlorine containing compounds. The prevailing substances included : ethyl ether, n-hexane, p-xylene, o-xylene, mesitylene, m-ethylbenzene, limonene, n-decane, n-undecane, and n-dodecane

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“…TCE is the most frequently found chemical contaminant in groundwater in the proximity of hazardous waste sites in the United States. TCE was often detected in the blood of 982 nonoccupationally exposed adults evaluated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Churchill et al, 2001) and more recently in a subset of 951 persons (Blount et al, 2006). Concentrations typically found in finished drinking water in the United States range from parts per trillion (ppt) to parts per billion (ppb) (Moran et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Presystemic Elimination of Trichloroethylene in Rats Following Environmentally Relevant Oral Exposures

Liu

Bartlett²,

White³

et al. 2009

Drug Metab Dispos

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Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography with negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry (limit of quantitation ‫؍‬ 25 pg/ml) was used to quantify TCE. TCE was undetectable in rats given 0.0001 mg/kg, but it exhibited linear kinetics from 0.1 to 5.0 mg/kg. Bioavailability was consistent over this dosage range, ranging from 12.5 to 16.4%. The presence of these limited amounts of TCE in the arterial blood disprove the aforementioned hypothesis, yet demonstrate that first-pass hepatic and pulmonary elimination in the rat afford its extrahepatic organs protection from potential adverse effects by the majority of the low levels of TCE absorbed from drinking water.

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Quantification of 31 volatile organic compounds in whole blood using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry☆

Cited by 124 publications

References 27 publications

Trichloroethylene-induced formic aciduria: Effect of dose, sex and strain of rat

Trichloroethylene-induced formic aciduria: Effect of dose, sex and strain of rat

HS-SPME/GC–MS analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted from municipal sewage sludge

Presystemic Elimination of Trichloroethylene in Rats Following Environmentally Relevant Oral Exposures

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