Quantification of antimicrobial usage in dairy cows and preweaned calves in Argentina

Pereyra, Valeria González; Pol, Martín; Pastorino, Florencia; Herrero, A.I. Martin

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.10.019

Cited by 54 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Thirteen studies reported dose-based data from dairy farms. All studies came from Europe, except one each from Argentina [ 93 ], the USA [ 91 ], and Canada [ 85 ]. One study reported AMU in heifers before calving [ 69 ], and another one reported AMU to treat mastitis [ 91 ] exclusively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although adult cattle used generally fewer doses of antimicrobials per unit time, the use of critically important antimicrobials such as broad spectrum β -lactams and cephalosporins to treat mastitis infections is of great concern [ 30 , 31 , 83 ]. A considerable target of AMU in dairy cattle is the treatment of clinical mastitis and dry cow therapy [ 93 ]. We would like to highlight the lack of studies on AMU in poultry breeding flocks, laying flocks, and hatcheries worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Usage in Animal Production: A Review of the Literature with a Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries

et al. 2018

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Antimicrobial use (AMU) in animal production is a key contributor to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide. As consumption of animal protein and associated animal production is forecast to increase markedly over coming years in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), accurate monitoring of AMU has become imperative. We summarized data from 89 scientific studies reporting AMU data in animal production published in English since 1998, identified through the ‘ISI Web of Knowledge’ search engine. The aims were as follows: (a) to describe methodologies and metrics used to quantify AMU; (b) to summarize qualitative (on-farm prevalence of use) and quantitative (amounts of antimicrobial active principle) data, in order to identify food animal species at the highest risk of AMU; and (c) to highlight data gaps from LMICs. Only 17/89 (19.1%) studies were conducted in LMICs. Sixty (67.3%) reported quantitative data use, with ‘daily doses per animal-time’ being the most common metric. AMU was greatest in chickens (138 doses/1000 animal-days [inter quartile range (IQR) 91.1–438.3]), followed by swine (40.2 [IQR 8.5–120.4]), and dairy cattle (10.0 [IQR 5.5–13.6]). However, per kg of meat produced, AMU was highest in swine, followed by chickens and cattle. Our review highlights a large deficit of data from LMICs, and provides a reference for comparison with further surveillance and research initiatives aiming to reduce AMU in animal production globally.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Usage in Animal Production: A Review of the Literature with a Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries

et al. 2018

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“…A questionnaire survey was constructed to determine the perceptions, needs, and barriers in terms of dairy manure management by the participants. We surveyed dairy farmers (DF), professional advisors and consultants (PAC), dairy farm employees (DFE), service and inputs providers in dairy technologies, students and representatives of public institutions working in agro-environmental policies and from dairy companies, and researchers from academic institutions; the latter category was classified as "OTHERS" González-Pereyra et al, 2015;Hou et al, 2018). Prior to the survey, the researcher explained to each respondent that it was a survey to assess their perception of manure management and that the results would be used exclusively for research purposes.…”

Section: Survey Questionnaire and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy Manure Management Perceptions and Needs in South American Countries

Herrero

Palhares

Salazar

et al. 2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Milk production is important in South American countries being based mainly on grazing systems. Dairy slurry management has become an important issue in these production systems because of the large volumes produced and the environmental effects. Thus, manure management regulations are emerging in the region. This research aims to identify priorities for management strategies and technology transfer by assessing perceptions, needs and barriers toward dairy manure management by stakeholders in South American countries. A questionnaire was prepared and distributed in Spanish and Portuguese in different formats: on paper and online (PDF format and SurveyMonkey TM platform) between March 2015-November 2017. It was divided into two sections, the first addressed issues related to water quality and pollution, odor generation, fertilizer value, pathogens impact and biogas production. Responses were measured across a standard 5-point Likert type scales. Section two addressed needs and hindrances concerning about manure application. A total of 593 surveys were completed: Argentina (n = 308, 52%), Brazil (n = 217, 37%) and Chile (n = 68, 11%). The majority of respondents were dairy farmers (31%), professional advisors and consultants (29%) and representatives of public institutions and researchers (31%). Some differences appear according the country. Overall, a large majority perceive that manure is a good fertilizer (91%), also they believe that it contributes to pathogen's transmission and groundwater and shallow aquifers 'contamination. Stakeholders (60%) perceived biogas production as a good option for manure treatment. Most of respondents (79%) would use manure to replace mineral fertilizers, with little differences between countries (Argentina 79%, Brazil 80% and Chile 68%). The most selected needs were: a management handbook, increased investment in equipment and technologies and better access to laboratory analysis. The most chosen barriers were: cumbersome management, lack of knowledge and of specific laws, with differences between countries and respondents. The survey showed interest in dairy manure management as a source of nutrients for grassland and crops, especially among farmers and advisors whom requested Herrero et al.South American Dairy Manure Management Perceptions guidelines for responsible management. Policymakers and stakeholders should focus on promoting manure reuse on dairy farms through incentives, technologies and/or appropriate strategies, in order to improve nutrient use and reduce pollution to the wider environment.

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“…Quantities of antimicrobial agents (AMs) used can be reported in net mass or in number of standard doses per standardized biomass (16) or per animal or group of animals (17). To account for differences in potency and molecular weight between different AMs, standard doses are often preferred over net masses to report quantities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assignment of Canadian Defined Daily Doses and Canadian Defined Course Doses for Quantification of Antimicrobial Usage in Cattle

et al. 2020

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Standardized units are essential to allow quantification and comparison of antimicrobial usage (AMU) between species and regions. In Canada, defined daily and course doses have not yet been harmonized for cattle. Our objective was to assign defined daily and course doses (named DDDbovCA and DCDbovCA, respectively) for cattle in Canada, by antimicrobial agent (AM) and by route of administration, based on the label of all products containing at least one AM, marketed and authorized in Canada for use in cattle. In April and December 2019, a systematic search was performed from the online Drug Product Database (DPD) of Health Canada to identify veterinary products containing at least one AM, marketed in Canada for use in cattle. Products were divided by route of administration (intramammary, intrauterine, injectable, oral, and topical). The monograph was retrieved for each product from the DPD, or from the Canadian Edition of the Compendium of Veterinary Products (CVP), and read completely to extract recommended dosages in cattle. Standard weights were applied to compute doses if required. DDDbovCA and DCDbovCA were assigned by calculating an average of daily and course doses, respectively, by AM and route of administration. Two products were excluded from calculations because of their claim as growth promotion or feed efficiency (no longer authorized in Canada for certain categories of AM). Overall, 39 injectable, 75 oral (including 23 medicated premixes), 8 intramammary (4 for lactating cows and 4 for dry cows), 5 intrauterine, and 4 topical products were used for calculations. DDDbovCA and DCDbovCA values were assigned successfully for each AM identified, by route of administration. These metrics will allow harmonized and transparent quantification of AMU in cattle in Canada.

show abstract

Quantification of antimicrobial usage in dairy cows and preweaned calves in Argentina

Cited by 54 publications

References 26 publications

Antimicrobial Usage in Animal Production: A Review of the Literature with a Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Antimicrobial Usage in Animal Production: A Review of the Literature with a Focus on Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Dairy Manure Management Perceptions and Needs in South American Countries

Assignment of Canadian Defined Daily Doses and Canadian Defined Course Doses for Quantification of Antimicrobial Usage in Cattle

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