Quantification of Intra Embryonic Motions Through Label Free and Fast Imaging Of Yolk Granules

A Remote Access Server with Chatbot User Interface for Coffee Grinder Burr Wear Level Assessment Based on Imaging Granule Analysis and Deep Learning Techniques

“…That is why the input vector may not be susceptible to small size errors in coffee granules in our application. However, if the applications need to obtain deterministic size values, such as the applications in [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], the simple scale calibration using a reference object of known size could not be accurate enough. One should use image acquisition systems with pixel to length scale calibration, ambient brightness control, and a fixed shooting distance.…”

“…The devices should be able to fix the shooting distance between the camera and the objects, control the ambient brightness during photography, and have a calibrate function to determine the scale of the image pixels to the actual length. For example, custom-built image-capturing platforms [13][14][15], microscopes with acquisition software [16][17][18][19], and high-resolution digital CCD industrial cameras with acquisition software [20] have brightness controls and known calibrated pixel to length ratios. In our case, for user convenience, by using a flash light, the coffee granule images are able to be taken by mobile phones at a distance roughly between 15 and 25 cm without precise pixel to length calibration.…”

“…The second technical issue is how to apply proper image processing techniques to separate the coffee granules from the background and estimate their sizes to obtain the coffee granule size distribution. In previous studies related to granule or particle segmentation, morphological watershed transform [8,22] processing has been successfully applied in the segmentation of solar photosphere particles [23,24], diagnostic systems to identify acute myeloid leukemia [16], granule segmentation in electron microscopy (EM) images [17], segmentation of biological membranes in electron tomography [25], fast imaging of yolk granules to quantify intraembryonic movement [18], evaluation of the particle size distributions of gravel [15] and on-site rockfill [26], DNA scalograms segmentation [27], and feature extraction of wear debris of planetary gearboxes [28]. Therefore, with so many successful results, the morphological watershed transform has also been selected for coffee granule segmentation in this paper.…”