Quantification of Silicate Fiber Concentrations in Rock Products and Dusts by Electron Microscopy

Hartikainen, Tuula; Tossavainen, Antti

doi:10.1202/0002-8894(1997)058<0264:qosfci>2.0.co;2

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Tapered or irregularly shaped sides indicate the particle is not asbestiform [7,9,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. The sides should exhibit a smooth and nearly constant diameter along the length with no ledges.…”

Section: Parallel Sidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ends of asbestos fibers are not ledged, pointed, or tapering acicular, but show regular, square termination ( Figure 3) [22,49,55,56]. Occasionally, the orientation of the structure relative to the electron beam may make the termination appear to be angled relative to the sides, but in those cases both ends will be parallel to each other.…”

Section: Regular Terminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While seemingly the most obvious definition of a fiber, it is important that the fiber show parallel sides (Figure 2) [1,12,13,18,21,25,39,40]. Tapered or irregularly shaped sides indicate the particle is not asbestiform [7,9,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. The sides should exhibit a smooth and nearly constant diameter along the length with no ledges.…”

Section: Parallel Sidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When observing the amphibole minerals during a TEM analysis, contours due to the internal diffraction by the electron beam can be observed. These contours are crystallographic shear planes that are referred to as Wadsley defects (Figure 4) [22,49,[55][56][57][58][59][60]. Generally, these shear planes will occur on the (010) crystal face [26,55,61].…”

Section: Internal Diffraction Contoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiating Amphibole Asbestos from Non-Asbestos in a Complex Mineral Environment

Orden

Allison

Lee

2008

Indoor and Built Environment

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Extending the TEM methods designed for the evaluation of atmospheres in which any primary mineral fibers present are derived from a commercial asbestos fiber is a challenging task. This is because the methods employed leave it to the expertise of the user to identify and evaluate interferences. Improper analysis of nonconstruction materials for asbestos content often results in the misidentification of non-asbestos amphibole particles as asbestos fibers. These errors have received widespread publicity in the media (such as the asbestos-in-crayons story) and have caused unwarranted reformulation of harmless products. The primary cause of these errors has been a poor understanding of mineralogy and analytical techniques among the many asbestos laboratories that arose following the passage of the 'Asbestos Hazardous Emergency Response Act' (AHERA) regulations. This study outlines a procedure based on published data that can be used to correctly classify a microscopic, elongated particle as either asbestos or non-asbestos.

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Section: Parallel Sidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regular Terminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parallel Sidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Internal Diffraction Contoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiating Amphibole Asbestos from Non-Asbestos in a Complex Mineral Environment

Orden

Allison

Lee

2008

Indoor and Built Environment

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“…The SEM has previously been used in a variety of studies for morphological characterization of asbestos fibers [110][111][112][113][114], although few standard SEM analytical methods exist [115][116][117][118][119]. Lee et al and Harris et al described enhancing a standard airborne asbestos TEM method for the analysis of mixed mineral dusts by additional FESEM imaging of each particle found that had an aspect ratio of 3:1 or greater [120][121][122].…”

Section: And (3) All Other Countable Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%