Quantify the Contribution of Nature-Based Solutions in Reducing the Impacts of Hydro-Meteorological Hazards in the Urban Environment: A Case Study in Naples, Italy

Abstract

Urban areas are vulnerable to multiple risks associated with hydro-meteorological hazards (HMHs). The assessment of the climate benefits of implementing nature-based solutions (NBSs) in urban areas, especially in open spaces, is widely recognised and discussed within the scientific literature; however, the quantification of these benefits, in terms of the HMHs reduction, human safety and human well-being, is still a subject of debate. In this context, this contribution proposes a methodological approach that, starting from the analysis of the impacts of coastal flooding and in terms of the potential direct and tangible economic damages, heatwave events and vulnerability of open spaces, proposes the application and assessment of NBSs in terms of the reduction in these impacts. The process was developed in the GIS environment based on the processing of open-source data. The test was conducted in the case study of Naples’ waterfront to identify the potentialities and limitations of the approach. The results showed the contribution of NBSs in reducing the economic damages due to coastal flooding and the improved vulnerability conditions to heatwave events.

Nature-Based Solution Integration to Enhance Urban Geomorphological Mapping: A Methodological Approach

“…In the 1970s, it was acknowledged that nature's functions play an important role in benefiting human societies [146], and in the late 2000s, the term 'Nature-Based Solutions' emerged, with these approaches being implemented in various urban areas, resulting in positive outcomes [147,148]. NbSs have been extensively applied as a resilient approach in the collaborative effort to mitigate the impacts of climate change [44,54,[149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158]. In the academic exploration of NbSs, the methodological framework involves integrating spatial analyses, cartographic techniques, and GIS tools.…”