Quantifying a Daily Light Integral Requirement of a ‘TifEagle’ Bermudagrass Golf Green

Bunnell, B. Todd; McCarty, Lambert B.; Faust, James E.; Bridges, William C.; Rajapakse, Nihal C.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2005.0569

Cited by 34 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…had better shade tolerance than 'Floratam' St. Augustinegrass, as indicated by higher quality ratings and clipping yields (Barrios et al, 1986). Dwarf-type bermudagrass used on putting greens such as 'Tif Dwarf ' [C. dactylon ´ C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy], 'FloraDwarf ', and 'Tif Eagle' were documented as the least shade-tolerant cultivars (Bunnell et al, 2005b;Miller et al, 2005). Variation in shade tolerance has also been reported among bermudagrass cultivars.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As a measure of the total quantity of photosynthetically active photons delivered over the course of an entire day, daily light integral (DLI, mol m −2 d −1 ), can be used to indicate the light intensity requirement of a cultivar to maintain an acceptable TQ. Tif Eagle was reported to require 32.6 mol m −2 d −1 DLI to maintain acceptable TQ in summer months under golf green conditions (Bunnell et al, 2005b). Selection of turfgrass species and cultivars could be improved by measuring the DLI of a particular location and knowing the optimum DLI requirement for each.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparative Performance and Daily Light Integral Requirements of Warm‐Season Turfgrasses in Different Seasons

Zhang

Glenn²,

Unruh

et al. 2017

Crop Science

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Shade or reduced sunlight poses a major challenge for maintaining acceptable turfgrass quality. The quantification of daily light integral (DLI, mol m−2 d−1) requirement could help to identify shade‐tolerant germplasm. The objectives of this study were (i) to compare turf performance, and (ii) to determine seasonal DLI requirement of 12 warm‐season turfgrass cultivars in response to varying levels of shade. A greenhouse study that included three experiments was conducted in spring (30/20°C), summer (35/25°C), and winter (25/15°C) months. Shade levels providing 33, 61, and 92% reductions in photosynthetic photo flux were imposed. Twelve cultivars from nine species were evaluated for turfgrass quality (TQ), normalized difference vegetation index, and shoot biomass production over 8 wk. The DLI requirement was obtained through nonlinear regression between DLI and TQ. Most warm‐season turfgrass species maintained acceptable TQ up to 33% shade. ‘TifGrand’ and ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers × C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy] required each relatively higher DLI ranging from 9.2 (winter) to 21.4 (summer) mol m−2 d−1. Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) cultivars maintained acceptable TQ up to 61% shade, with the lowest DLI requirements ranging from 5.9 (winter) to 10.9 (summer) mol m−2 d−1. The DLI requirements for the tested grasses were lower in winter (5.9–9.9 mol m−2 d−1) than in spring (9.4–17.4 mol m−2 d−1) and summer (9.9–21.4 mol m−2 d−1). ‘Argentine’ bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) had an increased DLI requirement relative to other entries in summer months.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Performance and Daily Light Integral Requirements of Warm‐Season Turfgrasses in Different Seasons

Zhang

Glenn²,

Unruh

et al. 2017

Crop Science

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“…Bunnell et al, 2005;Jiang et al, 2004;Stanford et al, 2005 andSteinke andStier, 2003), few studies have examined the in situ seasonal growth, decline, in situ single-leaf gas exchange characteristics, and acclimatization of C3 turfgrass under various light conditions. In urban parks and stadiums, turfgrass is sometimes used in shaded areas, although recently, many new international-standard soccer fields have installed natural turf in enclosed and retractable-dome stadiums.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal fluctuations in growth/decline and single-leaf gas exchange of C3 turfgrass fields under various light conditions

Matsubara

Kosugi

Takanashi

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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Seasonal variation in non-assimilatory organ and leaf biomass and necromass, leaf area index (LAI), leaf mass per unit area (LMA), and leaf nitrogen content per unit leaf area of managed C3 cool-season turfgrass (Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis L.) fields under four light conditions (irradiance levels: 100, 62, 48, 20 ) were examined in situ over 2 years. Seasonal fluctuations in light and the temperature dependence of the gas exchange of intact leaves grown under three light conditions (irradiance levels: 100, 48, 20 ) were also examined for 1 year. The magnitude of spring growth and summer decline in non-assimilatory organ and leaf biomass depended on the light conditions. Both non-assimilatory organ and leaf biomass were higher in the sunnier plots, as was the ratio of non-assimilatory organs to whole biomass. A step wise acclimatization to low irradiance reduced the allocation to non-assimilatory organs to maintain leaf biomass, limited LMA to maintain the LAI, and limited the latter to retain leaf nitrogen per unit leaf area, depending on the shade level. Kentucky bluegrass growing under lower light conditions had similar single-leaf photosynthetic abilities until early summer, but the normalized maximum carboxylation rate at 25 [Vcmax25] decreased during the decline of turfgrass in summer, depending on the shade level, which corresponded to the decline in leaf nitrogen content per unit leaf area.

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“…For the planning and maintenance of such green areas, it is very important to evaluate the influence of light. The effects of low irradiance on the growth and quality of grasses have been studied in C3 cool-season turfgrasses (Bell and Danneberger, 1999) and C4 grasses (Bunnell et al, 2005;Stanford et al, 2005). Differences in the tolerance to low light among species, cultivars, and treatments have been investigated as well (e.g., Jiang et al, 2004;Steinke and Stier, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthesis and respiration of managed C3 turfgrass fields under various light conditions

Kosugi¹,

Osaka²,

Itoh³

et al. 2010

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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Net ecosystem CO2 exchange from managed C3 turfgrass (Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis) fields under various light conditions (irradiance level of 100, 60, 49, 20 ) was measured with the closed dynamic chamber method from spring to fall. Net ecosystem CO2 exchange was measured in situ using a 'clear' chamber, and total ecosystem respiration rate was measured using a 'dark' chamber. Both respiration rate and the amount of biomass were smaller in the shaded plots. Ecosystem respiration normalized with respect to soil temperature decreased in summer, coinciding with the seasonal change in plant biomass. The amount and seasonal change of biomass, not temperature, mainly governed the ecosystem respiration of the C3 turfgrass fields under various light conditions. The light curve of gross photosynthesis, which was calculated by adding the respiration rate to net ecosystem exchange at each measurement time, was compared between plots. There were no obvious differences between plots in the response of gross photosynthesis to light in spring, and a decline of the maximum photosynthesis at an optimal irradiance was observed in summer, except in the darkest plot.

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Quantifying a Daily Light Integral Requirement of a ‘TifEagle’ Bermudagrass Golf Green

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Comparative Performance and Daily Light Integral Requirements of Warm‐Season Turfgrasses in Different Seasons

Comparative Performance and Daily Light Integral Requirements of Warm‐Season Turfgrasses in Different Seasons

Seasonal fluctuations in growth/decline and single-leaf gas exchange of C3 turfgrass fields under various light conditions

Photosynthesis and respiration of managed C3 turfgrass fields under various light conditions

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