Quantifying inorganic sources of geochemical energy in hydrothermal ecosystems, Yellowstone National Park, USA

Shock, Everett L.; Holland, Melanie; Meyer-Dombard, D. R.; Amend, Jan P.; Osburn, Glenn R.; Fischer, Tobias P.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2009.08.036

Cited by 144 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 176 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…Molecular and thermodynamic data suggest that nonphotosynthetic microbial communities inhabiting high-temperature (Ͼ73°C) hot springs are supported by chemolithoautotrophic metabolism (6,8,11,40,41). The higher rates of C assimilation from DIC than from the common heterotrophic substrates formate and acetate in the majority of the hot springs examined herein provide the first empirical evidence supporting these predictions and indicate that autotrophic metabolism may predominate in high-temperature geothermal communities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Carbon Source Preference in Chemosynthetic Hot Spring Communities

Urschel

Kubo

Hoehler

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Rates of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), formate, and acetate mineralization and/or assimilation were determined in 13 high-temperature (>73°C) hot springs in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), Wyoming, in order to evaluate the relative importance of these substrates in supporting microbial metabolism. While 9 of the hot spring communities exhibited rates of DIC assimilation that were greater than those of formate and acetate assimilation, 2 exhibited rates of formate and/or acetate assimilation that exceeded those of DIC assimilation. Overall rates of DIC, formate, and acetate mineralization and assimilation were positively correlated with spring pH but showed little correlation with temperature. Communities sampled from hot springs with similar geochemistries generally exhibited similar rates of substrate transformation, as well as similar community compositions, as revealed by 16S rRNA gene-tagged sequencing. Amendment of microcosms with small (micromolar) amounts of formate suppressed DIC assimilation in short-term (<45-min) incubations, despite the presence of native DIC concentrations that exceeded those of added formate by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude. The concentration of added formate required to suppress DIC assimilation was similar to the affinity constant (K m ) for formate transformation, as determined by community kinetic assays. These results suggest that dominant chemoautotrophs in hightemperature communities are facultatively autotrophic or mixotrophic, are adapted to fluctuating nutrient availabilities, and are capable of taking advantage of energy-rich organic substrates when they become available.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Carbon Source Preference in Chemosynthetic Hot Spring Communities

Urschel

Kubo

Hoehler

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…This type of thermodynamic analysis of potential microbial metabolisms has been successfully conducted in many environments, including several submarine Amend and Shock, 2001;Hernandez-Sanchez et al, 2014;LaRowe and Amend, 2014;LaRowe et al, 2008;McCollom, 2000;McCollom, 2007;McCollom and Shock, 1997; A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T 6 2004; Shock et al, 1995;Teske et al, 2014), and terrestrial hydrothermal systems Inskeep and McDermott, 2005;Shock et al, 2010;Spear et al, 2005;Vick et al, 2010;Windman, 2010). Unfortunately, energetic profiles of shallowsea hydrothermal systems are rare, despite the fact that their diverse geochemistry accounts for a large number of potential catabolic strategies.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface hydrothermal processes and the bioenergetics of chemolithoautotrophy at the shallow-sea vents off Panarea Island (Italy)

et al. 2015

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Please cite this article as: Price, Roy E., LaRowe, Douglas E., Italiano, Francesco, Savov, Ivan, Pichler, Thomas, Amend, Jan P., Subsurface hydrothermal processes and the bioenergetics of chemolithoautotrophy at the shallow-sea vents off Panarea Island (Italy), Chemical Geology (2015Geology ( ), doi: 10.1016Geology ( /j.chemgeo.2015 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E DM A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTThe subsurface evolution of shallow-sea hydrothermal fluids is a function of many factors including fluid-mineral equilibria, phase separation, magmatic inputs, and mineral precipitation, all of which influence discharging fluid chemistry and consequently associated seafloor microbial communities. Shallow-sea vent systems, however, are understudied in this regard. In order to investigate subsurface processes in a shallow-sea hydrothermal vent, and determine how these physical and chemical parameters influence the metabolic potential of the microbial communities, three shallow-sea hydrothermal vents associated with Panarea Island (Italy) were characterized.Vent fluids, pore fluids and gases at the three sites were sampled and analyzed for major and minor elements, redox-sensitive compounds, free gas compositions, and strontium isotopes. The corresponding data were used to 1) describe the subsurface geochemical evolution of the fluids and 2) to evaluate the catabolic potential of 61 inorganic redox reactions for in situ microbial communities. Generally, the vent fluids can be hot (up to 135 °C), acidic (pH 1.9-5.7), and sulfidic (up to 2.5 mM H 2 S). Three distinct types of hydrothermal fluids were identified, each with higher temperatures and lower pH, Mg 2+ and SO 4 2-, relative to seawater. Type 1 was consistently more saline than Type 2, and both were more saline than seawater. Type 3 fluids were similar to or slightly depleted in most major ions relative to seawater. End-member calculations of conservative elements indicate that Type 1 and Type 2 fluids are derived from two different sources, most likely 1) a deeper, higher salinity reservoir and 2) a shallower, lower salinity reservoir, respectively, in a layered hydrothermal system. The deeper reservoir records some of the highest end-member Cl concentrations to date, and developed as a result of recirculation A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT

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“…T errestrial and hydrothermal spring source waters often contain elevated concentrations of reduced iron, arsenic, and sulfur species (1)(2)(3). Upon discharge into less-reducing environments, these chemical species undergo oxidation by a variety of possible biotic and/or abiotic mechanisms, often resulting in precipitation and accumulation as a solid phase (2,4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Intermediate Sulfur Species in Biological Reduction of Elemental Sulfur under Acidic, Hydrothermal Conditions

Boyd

Druschel

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The thermoacidophile and obligate elemental sulfur (S 8 0 )-reducing anaerobe Acidilobus sulfurireducens 18D70 does not associate with bulk solid-phase sulfur during S 8 0 -dependent batch culture growth. Cyclic voltammetry indicated the production of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) as well as polysulfides after 1 day of batch growth of the organism at pH 3.0 and 81°C. The production of polysulfide is likely due to the abiotic reaction between S 8 0 and the biologically produced H 2 S, as evinced by a rapid cessation of polysulfide formation when the growth temperature was decreased, inhibiting the biological production of sulfide. After an additional 5 days of growth, nanoparticulate S 8 0 was detected in the cultivation medium, a result of the hydrolysis of polysulfides in acidic medium. To examine whether soluble polysulfides and/or nanoparticulate S 8 0 can serve as terminal electron acceptors (TEA) supporting the growth of A. sulfurireducens, total sulfide concentration and cell density were monitored in batch cultures with S 8 0 provided as a solid phase in the medium or with S 8 0 sequestered in dialysis tubing. The rates of sulfide production in 7-day-old cultures with S 8 0 sequestered in dialysis tubing with pore sizes of 12 to 14 kDa and 6 to 8 kDa were 55% and 22%, respectively, of that of cultures with S 8 0 provided as a solid phase in the medium. These results indicate that the TEA existed in a range of particle sizes that affected its ability to diffuse through dialysis tubing of different pore sizes. Dynamic light scattering revealed that S 8 0 particles generated through polysulfide rapidly grew in size, a rate which was influenced by the pH of the medium and the presence of organic carbon. Thus, S 8 0 particles formed through abiological hydrolysis of polysulfide under acidic conditions appeared to serve as a growth-promoting TEA for A. sulfurireducens.

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Quantifying inorganic sources of geochemical energy in hydrothermal ecosystems, Yellowstone National Park, USA

Cited by 144 publications

References 176 publications

Carbon Source Preference in Chemosynthetic Hot Spring Communities

Carbon Source Preference in Chemosynthetic Hot Spring Communities

Subsurface hydrothermal processes and the bioenergetics of chemolithoautotrophy at the shallow-sea vents off Panarea Island (Italy)

Involvement of Intermediate Sulfur Species in Biological Reduction of Elemental Sulfur under Acidic, Hydrothermal Conditions

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