Quantitating Genetic and Nongenetic Factors Influencing Androgen Production and Clearance Rates in Men*

Aw, Meikle; Jd, Stringham; Bishop, D. Timothy; Dw, West

doi:10.1210/jcem-67-1-104

Cited by 116 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…They estimated that approximately 26%, 36%, 12%, and 48% of the variance in plasma TESTO, free (unbound) TESTO, DHT, and 3 -DIOL-G were due to genetic factors. In another study, Meikle et al (1988) found that genetic factors explained approximately 96% and 85% of the variance in DHT and TESTO production rate (also in male twins) and approximately 36% and 4% of the variance in DHT and TESTO clearance rates. A heritability of 60% was also reported for TESTO in a Dutch study of male twins (Harris et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Familial resemblance for free androgens and androgen glucuronides in sedentary black and white individuals: the HERITAGE Family Study. Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics

Hong

Gagnon

Rice

et al. 2001

Journal of Endocrinology

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Familial correlation analyses were used to evaluate the familial aggregation of plasma androgens and androgen glucuronides (testosterone (TESTO), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), androstane-3 ,17 -diol glucuronide (3 -DIOL-G), and androsterone glucuronide (ADT-G)) in 505 members of 99 white families and 296 members of 111 black families participating in the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study. Each of these four measures was determined by RIA after separation of conjugated and unconjugated steroid using C18 column chromatography. All participants were sedentary prior to being including in this study. Significant spouse correlations, as well as parent-offspring and sibling correlations, were found for TESTO, DHT, 3 -DIOL-G, and ADT-G in the white sample, suggesting that common familial environments and genes contribute to the familial resemblance. In the black sample, significant sibling and parent-offspring correlations were found

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Familial resemblance for free androgens and androgen glucuronides in sedentary black and white individuals: the HERITAGE Family Study. Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics

Hong

Gagnon

Rice

et al. 2001

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Considering that the normal production of steroids in men is 4-11 mg/day [35,36], the dosage is 10-45 times higher than the natural androgen production. Despite the elevated amount of AAS used, the Participant did not present any acute complications associated with AAS misuse; however, we have no data about past chronic effects, or what happened after the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Resistance Training Volume and Low Caloric and Protein Intake Are Associated with Detrimental Alterations in Body Composition of an Amateur Bodybuilder Using Anabolic Steroids: A Case Report

Viana

Gentil

Brasileiro

et al. 2017

JFMK

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Many bodybuilders use anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) to potentiate muscle mass gain as a result of specific resistance training and nutrition. The case we describe hereafter outlines alterations in body composition of an amateur bodybuilder during his pre-competitive period (11 weeks). The Participant was a 28-year old Caucasian male who was aiming to participate in his first bodybuilding competition under the "Men's Physique" category. The Participant self-administered AAS for the whole pre-competitive period, followed a 13 set-meal plan consisting of 10 daily meals interspersed by approximately 2 h, and performed six high-volume resistance-training sessions a week. Body mass and anthropometric variables were measured at the beginning, during and at the end of his pre-competitive period. Dietetic analysis revealed a reduction in protein intake at the 10th (% decrease: −51.3%) and 11th weeks (% decrease: −64.5%) and in calorie intake at the 10th (% decrease: −57.9%) and 11th weeks (% decrease: −59.5%) in comparison to the 1st week. As a result, the Participant reduced both total body mass and fat percentage. However, there was a reduction in absolute fat free mass, despite the use of AAS. Apparently, the combination of excessive volumes of training with inadequate protein consumption was responsible for this outcome.

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“…Twin studies have demonstrated that genetic factors account for more than 50% of the variability on male serum gonadotropin, sex steroid, and SHBG levels (25,26). With respect to individual genes, the most extensively studied single genetic variant is the AR exon 1 CAG repeat (23,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polymorphisms in Selected Genes Involved in Pituitary-Testicular Function on Reproductive Hormones and Phenotype in Aging Men

Huhtaniemi

Pye

Holliday

et al. 2010

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

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, and the European Male Aging Study Group* † Context: Polymorphisms in genes involved in regulation, biosynthesis, metabolism, and actions of testicular sex hormones may influence hormone balance and phenotype of aging men. Objective:We investigated the relationships between polymorphisms in genes related to pituitarytesticular endocrine function and health status. Design and Setting:Using cross-sectional baseline data, we conducted a multinational prospective cohort observational study consisting of a population survey of community-dwelling men.Participants: A total of 2748 men, aged 40 -79 (mean Ϯ SD, 60.2 ϩ 11.2) yr, were randomly recruited from eight European centers. Forty-three polymorphisms were genotyped in the following genes: androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor-␣ and -␤ (ESR1 and ESR2), steroid 5␣-reductase type II (SRD5A2), 17␣-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1), aromatase (CYP19A1), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), LH ␤-subunit (LHB), and LH receptor (LHCGR). Main Outcome Measures:We measured the associations between gene polymorphisms and endocrine, metabolic, and phenotypic parameters related to aging and sex hormone action. Results: Several polymorphisms in SHBG, ESR2, AR, CYP19A1, and LHB were significantly associated with circulating levels of SHBG, LH, total, free, and bioavailable testosterone and estradiol, the LH ϫ testosterone product, and indices of insulin sensitivity. Apart from several previously reported associations between genes affecting estrogen levels and heel ultrasound parameters, no associations existed between polymorphisms and nonhormonal variables (anthropometry, blood lipids, blood pressure, hemoglobin, prostate symptoms, prostate-specific antigen, sexual dysfunction, cognition). Conclusion:In aging men, polymorphisms in genes related to the pituitary-testicular endocrine function significantly influence circulating LH, testosterone, and estradiol levels, but the downstream effects may be too small to influence secondary phenotypic parameters. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95:

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Quantitating Genetic and Nongenetic Factors Influencing Androgen Production and Clearance Rates in Men*

Cited by 116 publications

References 30 publications

Familial resemblance for free androgens and androgen glucuronides in sedentary black and white individuals: the HERITAGE Family Study. Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics

Familial resemblance for free androgens and androgen glucuronides in sedentary black and white individuals: the HERITAGE Family Study. Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics

High Resistance Training Volume and Low Caloric and Protein Intake Are Associated with Detrimental Alterations in Body Composition of an Amateur Bodybuilder Using Anabolic Steroids: A Case Report

Effect of Polymorphisms in Selected Genes Involved in Pituitary-Testicular Function on Reproductive Hormones and Phenotype in Aging Men

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