Quantitative analysis of the dose–response of white spot syndrome virus in shrimp

Ngo, Thuy T. N.; Senior, Alistair M.; Culina, Antica; Santos, Eduardo S. A.; Vlak, Just M.; Zwart, Mark P.

doi:10.1111/jfd.12877

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…The mortality rate of shrimp inoculated with WSSV is dose-dependent [52,63,64]. Dose dependency can be grouped in three virulence levels, according to the dilutions used: high 10 −1 -10 −2 (45-43.5 hpi), medium 10 −4 -10 −6 (51.4-49.5 hpi) and low 10 −8 -10 −10 (116.5-109.3 hpi).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral therapy in shrimp through plant virus VLP containing VP28 dsRNA against WSSV

Ramos-Carreño¹,

Giffard‐Mena²,

Zamudio-Ocadiz³

et al. 2021

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), currently affecting cultured shrimp, causes substantial economic losses to the worldwide shrimp industry. An antiviral therapy using double-stranded RNA interference (dsRNAi) by intramuscular injection (IM) has proven the most effective shrimp protection against WSSV. However, IM treatment is still not viable for shrimp farms. The challenge is to develop an efficient oral delivery system that manages to avoid the degradation of antiviral RNA molecules. The present work demonstrates that VLPs (virus-like particles) allow efficient delivery of dsRNAi as antiviral therapy in shrimp. In particular, VLPs derived from a virus that infects plants, such as cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV), in which the capsid protein (CP) encapsidates the dsRNA of 563 bp, are shown to silence the WSSV glycoprotein VP28 (dsRNAvp28). In experimental challenges in vivo, the VLPs- dsRNAvp28 protect shrimp against WSSV up to 40% by oral administration and 100% by IM. The novel research demonstrates that plant VLPs, which avoid zoonosis, can be applied to pathogen control in shrimp and also other organisms, widening the application window in nanomedicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral therapy in shrimp through plant virus VLP containing VP28 dsRNA against WSSV

Ramos-Carreño¹,

Giffard‐Mena²,

Zamudio-Ocadiz³

et al. 2021

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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“…However, society also actively seeks pioneering medical and scientific advances which can only be achieved through research [133,143]. Animal models and cell culture systems are essential for scientific advancement in WSSV research, to understand the complex interaction between the host and pathogen in the aquatic environment and to enable the development of safe and effective vaccines and therapeutics against WSSV [51,53,54,88,97,98,101,102,115,120,[144][145][146]. Hence, the choice of model must be a thoughtful and clearly defined process considering the model's advantages and limitations.…”

Section: Shrimp Welfare Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Infection Models and Their Usefulness for White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Research in Shrimp

Cox,

De Swaef,

Corteel

et al. 2024

Viruses

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White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is marked as one of the most economically devastating pathogens in shrimp aquaculture worldwide. Infection of cultured shrimp can lead to mass mortality (up to 100%). Although progress has been made, our understanding of WSSV’s infection process and the virus–host–environment interaction is far from complete. This in turn hinders the development of effective mitigation strategies against WSSV. Infection models occupy a crucial first step in the research flow that tries to elucidate the infectious disease process to develop new antiviral treatments. Moreover, since the establishment of continuous shrimp cell lines is a work in progress, the development and use of standardized in vivo infection models that reflect the host–pathogen interaction in shrimp is a necessity. This review critically examines key aspects of in vivo WSSV infection model development that are often overlooked, such as standardization, (post)larval quality, inoculum type and choice of inoculation procedure, housing conditions, and shrimp welfare considerations. Furthermore, the usefulness of experimental infection models for different lines of WSSV research will be discussed with the aim to aid researchers when choosing a suitable model for their research needs.

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“…The quantity of viral particles delivered to an experimental shrimp, herein referred to as dose, is related to the speed and severity of disease onset within a PCE. 179 Critically, the quantified viral dose must be confirmed as viable. In the absence of crustacean cell lines to confirm inoculum viability and infectivity, 180 pilot PCEs or LD50 trials (median lethal dose) may be alternatively conducted.…”

Section: Inoculum Concentration/dosementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quantity of viral particles delivered to an experimental shrimp, herein referred to as dose, is related to the speed and severity of disease onset within a PCE 179 . Critically, the quantified viral dose must be confirmed as viable.…”

Section: Essential Components Of Viral Pathogen Challenge Experiments...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a ‘systems’ approach for viral challenge experiments in shrimp: Reporting guidelines for publication

Arbon,

Andrade Martinez,

Jerry

et al. 2023

Reviews in Aquaculture

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The success of contemporary disease management strategies in shrimp aquaculture, such as the ‘systems’ approach, is predicated on robust knowledge of the conditions and interactions between the host, pathogen and environment that promote disease. Pathogen challenge experiments (PCEs) are a power tool for investigating these conditions and interactions. However, absence of accurately reported experimental detail in published PCEs limits scientific transparency, reproducibility, and the potential for the research to make progressive advancements contributing to contemporary shrimp disease management strategies. This review identifies and discusses key factors relating to the host (shrimp), pathogen (virus), and environment that should be carefully considered during the design and publication of PCEs. We offer substantial evidence of their impact on viral disease outcomes, drawn from the existing body of literature, to supporting their consideration. The prevalence of reported experimental details for these factors across 186 viral PCEs in shrimp were evaluated. The review highlights a concerning paucity of experimental detail reported in published shrimp PCEs. We propose a checklist for the minimum reportable information in the publication of shrimp viral PCEs, hereafter referred to as the Shrimp PCE Reporting Guidelines (SPERG). The guidelines aim to enhance the transparency and standardisation of reporting in published PCEs, ensuring that key factors pertaining to the shrimp, pathogen, and environment are adequately considered and documented. Adoption of SPERG is envisaged to empower researchers, reviewers, and readers to assess the internal and external validity of PCEs, facilitating critical evaluation and improved utility of PCE findings for contemporary disease management.

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Quantitative analysis of the dose–response of white spot syndrome virus in shrimp

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

Antiviral therapy in shrimp through plant virus VLP containing VP28 dsRNA against WSSV

Antiviral therapy in shrimp through plant virus VLP containing VP28 dsRNA against WSSV

Experimental Infection Models and Their Usefulness for White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Research in Shrimp

Towards a ‘systems’ approach for viral challenge experiments in shrimp: Reporting guidelines for publication

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