Quantitative and functional dynamics of circulating and endometrial polymorphonuclear leukocytes in healthy peripartum dairy cows

Lietaer, Leen; Pascottini, Osvaldo Bogado; Heirbaut, Stijn; Demeyere, Kristel; Vandaele, Leen; Meyer, Evelyne; Fievez, Veerle; Opsomer, G.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.11.002

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Dubuc et al, 2010b). Circulating PMNs exposed to this 'unhealthy' environment becomes dysfunctional when reaching the postpartum uterus (Lietaer et al, 2022). By neutrophil dysfunctionality, we refer to altered function capacities such as oversensitivity to degranulate and form extracellular traps, which have secondarily harmful effects on surrounding tissues, and insufficient phagocytic capacity.…”

Section: Cow Endometritis: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, excessive negative energy balance and systemic inflammation in the second week postpartum characterized by high circulating nonesterified fatty acids, β‐hydroxybutyrate and haptoglobin are the main risk factors for SCE (Cheong et al, 2011; Dubuc et al, 2010b). Circulating PMNs exposed to this ‘unhealthy’ environment becomes dysfunctional when reaching the postpartum uterus (Lietaer et al, 2022). By neutrophil dysfunctionality, we refer to altered function capacities such as oversensitivity to degranulate and form extracellular traps, which have secondarily harmful effects on surrounding tissues, and insufficient phagocytic capacity.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By neutrophil dysfunctionality, we refer to altered function capacities such as oversensitivity to degranulate and form extracellular traps, which have secondarily harmful effects on surrounding tissues, and insufficient phagocytic capacity. Moreover, dysfunctional PMN are unable to undergo apoptosis and abandon the genital tract to accomplish uterine clearance (Lietaer et al, 2023). This dysregulation of the innate immune function is believed to cause aseptic persistent inflammation of the endometrium also known as SCE.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

Pascottini

Aurich

Grahofer

2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Endometritis is a leading cause of sub‐ and infertility in domestic animal species. The healthy uterus is colonized by commensal bacteria, viruses and yeast/fungi that represent the nonpathogenic microbiota. A shift in the number or type of organisms accompanied by immune dysfunction, however, may trigger uterine infection and inflammation. Metritis is associated with inflammation of all uterine layers (endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium), whereas endometritis is a more superficial inflammation involving solely the endometrium. Endometritis generally occurs at two time points in domestic animal species, postpartum and postmating. Postpartum endometritis may chronically persist, either as a low‐grade disease that often manifests as a vaginal discharge but not a systemic illness (in some species termed clinical endometritis) or sometimes subclinical where features are only detected by endometrial sampling. Contamination of the uterus at the time of mating occurs by direct deposition of semen (ejaculated or artificially inseminated) into the uterus. Improper drainage of the ejaculatory fluid or an inadequate immune response may result in persistent mating‐induced endometritis. Both postpartum and postmating endometritis interferes with fertility by creating a suboptimal environment for embryo development and placentation, and chronic endometritis may have an impact on sperm survival and fertilization ability. In the postpartum animal, there may also be changes in milk production and maternal behaviour, which can affect offspring health and survival. Preventive strategies for endometritis largely depend on monitoring their known risk factors, which are sometimes specific with regard to the species. Effective, nonantibiotic therapy for endometritis is not available to date. Overall, extensive research has been performed in cattle and horses to unravel key aspects of endometritis, but in sows and bitches, the available literature is scant. Thus, the need and opportunity to investigate the condition vary considerably among domestic species and necessitate their comparative assessment. This article reviews general and comparative aspects of the diagnosis and classification, pathogenesis, preventive strategies and therapeutics of endometritis in domestic species with a specific focus on cows, mares, sows and bitches.

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Section: Cow Endometritis: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

Pascottini

Aurich

Grahofer

2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…Our research group has recently developed a technique to flow cytometrically to evaluate the viability and functionality of uterine neutrophils collected via the cytobrush technique (Lietaer et al, 2021, 2022). In new, unpublished data collected from 32 dairy cows at 9, 21, and 36 postpartum, we found that uterine neutrophils in the fifth week postpartum are mostly necrotic in healthy cows, but viable and functional in cows with clinical endometritis.…”

Section: Effects Of Transition Period Maladaptation On Reproductive O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maladaptation to the transition period and consequences on fertility of dairy cows

Pascottini

Leroy

Opsomer

2022

Reprod Domestic Animals

Self Cite

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After parturition, dairy cows undergo a plethora of metabolic, inflammatory, and immunologic changes to adapt to the onset of lactation. These changes are mainly due to the homeorhetic shift to support milk production when nutrient demand exceeds dietary intake, resulting in a state of negative energy balance. Negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cows is characterized by upregulated adipose tissue modelling, insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation. However, half of the postpartum cows fail to adapt to these changes and develop one or more types of clinical and subclinical disease within 5 weeks after calving, and this is escorted by impaired reproductive performance in the same lactation. Maladaptation to the transition period exerts molecular and structural changes in the follicular and reproductive tract fluids, the microenvironment in which oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development occur. Although the negative effects of transition diseases on fertility are well-known, the involved pathways are only partially understood. This review reconstructs the mechanism of maladaptation to lactation in the transition period, explores their key (patho)physiological effects on reproductive organs, and briefly describes potential carryover effects on fertility in the same lactation.

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“…Although several studies have characterized the energy balance and postpartum uterine health of dairy cows (Galvão et al, 2011;Leblanc, 2012;Ster et al, 2012;Wittrock, 2012;Krause et al, 2014;Lima, 2020;Lietaer et al, 2022), few have assessed the interaction between metabolism, uterine repair dynamics, and expression pattern of cytokines and genes associated with uterine receptivity during the PP period (PPP) in crossbred dairy cows raised under tropical conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum uterine health, and energy metabolism of primiparous and multiparous crossbred dairy cows raised in the Amazon biome

Pfeifer

Andrade

Barbosa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study aimed to compare the biological activity of the uterus and the metabolism between primiparous and multiparous crossbred dairy cows. Eighteen crossbred dairy cows (B. indicus x B. taurus) were divided by parity order into primiparous (n = 8), and multiparous (n = 10) cows. These cows were evaluated from parturition to 50 days in milk (DIM) for metabolic and reproductive variables. Also, uterine tissue was collected using the cytobrush technique to assess the proportion of polymorphonuclear cells and abundance of transcripts of genes associated with inflammation and receptivity. Multiparous cows had greater milk production (P = 0.04). Primiparous cows had a higher (P ≤ 0.05) relative abundance of IL-6, PTCH2, and PGR mRNA. In contrast, Multiparous cows had a higher relative abundance of IL-10 mRNA. The proportion of primiparous cows ovulating from calving to 50 DIM tended (P = 0.08) to be greater. Overall, the findings indicated that parity does not significantly affect energy metabolism and that multiparous cows have lower uterine inflammatory response associated with lower relative expression of IL-6 and higher relative expression of IL-10. These results led us to conclude that parity has little effect on the puerperium of crossbred dairy cows. Moreover, crossbred dairy cows were considered healthy by 50 DIM; however, further field studies with larger numbers of animals should be performed to define an optimal voluntary waiting period for crossbred dairy cows raised in the Amazon Biome.

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Quantitative and functional dynamics of circulating and endometrial polymorphonuclear leukocytes in healthy peripartum dairy cows

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

General and comparative aspects of endometritis in domestic species: A review

Maladaptation to the transition period and consequences on fertility of dairy cows

Postpartum uterine health, and energy metabolism of primiparous and multiparous crossbred dairy cows raised in the Amazon biome

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