Quantitative Changes of Polyamines and Activity of ADC in Developing and Germinating Seeds of Two Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Genotypes

Savithramma, N.; Swamy, P. M.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087849

Cited by 5 publications

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“…A high level of ADC activity has been reported in pea seedlings (Ramakrishna and Adiga, 1974) and in germinating rice seeds (Sen et ah, 1981). The increased and decreased content of PAs, respectively, in embryonic axes and cotyledons in two Arachis hypogea genotypes parallel the increased and decreased levels of ADC (Savithramma and Swamy, 1989). In imbibed chickpea seeds, Put is synthesized exclusively by ADC, while, in seedlings, both ADC and ODC are involved (Torrigiani and Scoccianti, 1995).…”

Section: Polyamine Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a general rule, evidence indicates that PA content increases during the early stage of germination (Anguillesi et al, 1978;Huang and Villanueva, 1992). When Arachis hypogea seeds complete germination, all the PAs diminish in the cotyledons and increase progressively in the growing embryonic axis (Savithramma and Swamy, 1989). However, during the germination of a number of seeds, PA synthesis was detected in the storage organs, but rarely in the growing parts (Felix and Harr, 1987).…”

Section: Alterations During Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Acer saccharum and Phaseolus vulgaris cotyledons have 4-and 20-fold higher PA concentrations, respectively, than do embryonic axes (Bagni, 1970;Walker et al, 1985). With the data currently available, it is not feasible to propose a similar distribution or concentration of the principal PAs within a family (Felix and Harr, 1987;Angosto and Matilla, 1993), within the same species Matilla, 1993,1994), or even within different genotypes (Lin et al, 1984;Savithramma and Swamy, 1989). Of all the dry seeds tested by Felix and Harr, none was found to contain covalently bound PAs.…”

Section: Polyamines In Matured Dry Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyamines and seed germination

Matilla

1996

SSR

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This review examines the presence of free and bound PAs during the life cycle of seeds. Although data are still rather scarce, PAs, present, but with an unknown function during embryogenesis, are accumulated in relatively high quantities in mature dry seeds of some species. PA concentration can be altered by the process of stratification, and PAs are synthesized in growing organs after germination, but it is also possible that the reserve organs synthesize and export some types of PA to the axis. This metabolism and sink-source relationship depend on the germination conditions and on the greater or lesser presence of enzymes related to synthesis (ADC, ODC, LDC and AdoMetDC) and degradation (DAO and PAO) of free PAs. The biochemical mechanism binding the PAs to a series of compounds of low and high molecular weight is currently unknown in seeds. The present study also considers intra- and intercellular compartmentation of free and bound PAs in growing axes and the physiological implications of the ethylene-production pathway in relation to seed behaviour.

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Section: Polyamine Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alterations During Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polyamines In Matured Dry Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyamines and seed germination

Matilla

1996

SSR

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“…In peanut, metabolites play a significant role during pod development. For instance, the evolution of low level of ethylene in the aerial peg was also correlated with the occurrence of high levels of polyamines (PAs) and flavonoids in the developing aerial peg, which decline in subterrenian peg and pod after soil penetration (Savithramma and Swamy, 1989; Moctezuma, 2003). Notably, PAs are negative regulators of ethylene biosynthesis and are known to inhibit auxin-induced ethylene in leaf and fruit (Apelbaum et al, 1981; Kushad et al, 1988).…”

Section: Peg Gravitropism: Deciphering the Molecular Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peg Biology: Deciphering the Molecular Regulations Involved During Peanut Peg Development

et al. 2019

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Peanut or groundnut is one of the most important legume crops with high protein and oil content. The high nutritional qualities of peanut and its multiple usage have made it an indispensable component of our daily life, in both confectionary and therapeutic food industries. Given the socio-economic significance of peanut, understanding its developmental biology is important in providing a molecular framework to support breeding activities. In peanut, the formation and directional growth of a specialized reproductive organ called a peg, or gynophore, is especially relevant in genetic improvement. Several studies have indicated that peanut yield can be improved by improving reproductive traits including peg development. Therefore, we aim to identify unifying principles for the genetic control, underpinning molecular and physiological basis of peg development for devising appropriate strategy for peg improvement. This review discusses the current understanding of the molecular aspects of peanut peg development citing several studies explaining the key mechanisms. Deciphering and integrating recent transcriptomic, proteomic, and miRNA-regulomic studies provide a new perspective for understanding the regulatory events of peg development that participate in pod formation and thus control yield.

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“…High ADC activity has been reported in the seedlings of pea (Ramakrishna and Adiga 1975) during the embryogenesis of carrot cells in suspension culture (Lin et al 1984) and in germinating rice seeds (Sen et al 1987). Changes in polyamines and ADC activity in developing and germinating seeds of groundnut genotypes have been studied (Savithramma and Swamy 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in polyamine contents and arginine decarboxylase activity associated with elongation growth of hypocotyls inRhizophora apiculataBl.

Swamy¹,

Usha²,

Kiranmayee³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Bot.

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Changes in polyamine (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) contents and arginine decarboxylase activity in three different regions of developing hypocotyls of Rhizophora apiculata Bl. were analyzed. Among the three polyamines, spermidine was present in higher quantities than either putrescine or spermine. Spermine occurred in the lowest quantities. Spermidine declined rapidly with the age of the hypocotyl. In contrast, a marked increase in putrescine was observed with the age of the hypocotyl. Arginine decarboxylase activity increased during the various developmental stages of hypocotyl growth, particularly in the final stage. The results suggest that putrescine plays a major role in the growth of the hypocotyl as evidenced by simultaneous increase in the content of putrescine and arginine decarboxylase activity. Résumé :Les auteurs ont analysé les changements qui surviennent au niveau des polyamines (la putrescine, la spermidine et la spermine) et de l'activité de la décarboxylase de l'arginine, dans trois régions distinctes de l'hypocotyle en développement chez le Rhizophora apiculata Bl. Parmi les trois polyamines, la spermidine est présente en plus grandes quantités, lorsqu'on la compare à la putrescine ou à la spermine. On retrouve la spermine en plus faibles quantités. La spermidine diminue plus rapidement avec l'âge de l'hypocotyl. Au contraire, on observe une augmentation marquée de la putrescine avec l'âge de l'hypocotyl. L'activité de la décarboxylase de l'arginine augmente au cours des divers stades du développement de la croissance de l'hypocotyle, plus particulièrement au stade final. Les résultats suggèrent que la putrescine joue un rôle majeur dans la croissance de l'hypocotyle, comme le montre l'augmentation simultanée de la teneur en putrescine et de l'activité de la décarboxylase de l'arginine.

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Quantitative Changes of Polyamines and Activity of ADC in Developing and Germinating Seeds of Two Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) Genotypes

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Polyamines and seed germination

Polyamines and seed germination

Peg Biology: Deciphering the Molecular Regulations Involved During Peanut Peg Development

Changes in polyamine contents and arginine decarboxylase activity associated with elongation growth of hypocotyls inRhizophora apiculataBl.

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