Quantitative character variations of cambial derivatives in mangroves and their functional significance

Sun, Qiang; Suzuki, Mitsuo

doi:10.1007/s004680100094

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Barghoorn (1941) suggested that in species with multiseriate rays there is a tendency towards increased ray width, pith to bark. Our study supports the Barghoorn suggestion (1941) and we also note that, contrary to this tendency, there was a decrease in the ray frequency towards the periphery of the stem and that for these characteristics, the mean values varied little between radial positions distant from the pith, behavior reported in previous studies (Sun and Suzuki 2001, Rahman et al 2005, Tsuchiya and Furukawa 2010).…”

Section: Effect Of Radial Positionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Planting density effect on some properties of Schizolobium parahyba wood

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Protásio

et al. 2018

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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This study aims to understand the effect of the initial planting density on the anatomical variability and basic wood density of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum in a planted forest in Amazonia. The effect of the initial planting density on the radial variation from pith to bark of anatomy and basic density was evaluated. There were two planting densities, planting density-I (624 trees ha-1) and planting density-II (312 trees ha-1). Planting density significantly affected only the ray height, fiber length and wall thickness. Radial position was not significant to the height of the rays and the fiber lumen diameter. The interaction planting density × radial position was only significant for the length of the vessel elements, ray frequency and fiber length. The results indicate that the initial planting density influences the radial behavior of certain anatomical characteristics. To obtain gain in terms of total wood per cultivated area, without harm to the density of the produced wood, planting density-I would be most useful, while planting density-II would be suitable for the production of more homogeneous wood, which tends to form adult wood in advance and with some anatomical characteristics appropriate for the plywood industry.

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Section: Effect Of Radial Positionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Planting density effect on some properties of Schizolobium parahyba wood

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Protásio

et al. 2018

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…Lovelock unpublished data). In addition, high levels of variability in xylem characteristics (Sun & Suzuki 2001; Yanez‐Espinosa, Terrazas & Lopez‐Mata 2001) and stem hydraulic conductivity (Sperry et al . 1988; Melcher et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking physiological processes with mangrove forest structure: phosphorus deficiency limits canopy development, hydraulic conductivity and photosynthetic carbon gain in dwarf Rhizophora mangle

Lovelock

Ball

Choat

et al. 2006

Plant Cell & Environment

111

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Spatial gradients in mangrove tree height in barrier islands of Belize are associated with nutrient deficiency and sustained flooding in the absence of a salinity gradient. While nutrient deficiency is likely to affect many parameters, here we show that addition of phosphorus (P) to dwarf mangroves stimulated increases in diameters of xylem vessels, area of conductive xylem tissue and leaf area index (LAI) of the canopy. These changes in structure were consistent with related changes in function, as addition of P also increased hydraulic conductivity ( K s ), stomatal conductance and photosynthetic assimilation rates to the same levels measured in taller trees fringing the seaward margin of the mangrove. Increased xylem vessel size and corresponding enhancements in stem hydraulic conductivity in P fertilized dwarf trees came at the cost of enhanced midday loss of hydraulic conductivity and was associated with decreased assimilation rates in the afternoon. Analysis of trait plasticity identifies hydraulic properties of trees as more plastic than those of leaf structural and physiological characteristics, implying that hydraulic properties are key in controlling growth in mangroves. Alleviation of P deficiency, which released trees from hydraulic limitations, reduced the structural and functional distinctions between dwarf and taller fringing tree forms of Rhizophora mangle .

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“…The high variation in hydraulic conductance of stems were in the range of those measured for R. mangle by Sperry, Tyree & Donnelly (1988b) and Melcher et al . (2001), and reflect the highly variable xylem anatomy of this species (Sun & Suzuki 2001). These data suggest that both N and P availability limit the production and/or activity of meristems, while the large number of nodes per length in control plants compared to P‐fertilized plants (Table 3) suggests that availability of P strongly limits cell expansion rates (Grossman & Takahashi 2001), which probably affects the length and width of xylem vessels and the porosity of their pit membranes, properties that determine their hydraulic conductance (Tyree & Ewers 1996; Comstock & Sperry 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nutrient enrichment on growth, photosynthesis and hydraulic conductance of dwarf mangroves in Panamá

et al. 2004

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Summary1. Dwarf stands of the mangrove Rhizophora mangle L. are extensive in the Caribbean. We fertilized dwarf trees in Almirante Bay, Bocas del Toro Province, north-eastern Panamá with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to determine (1) if growth limitations are due to nutrient deficiency; and (2) what morphological and/or physiological factors underlie nutrient limitations to growth. 2. Shoot growth was 10-fold when fertilized with P and twofold with N fertilization, indicating that stunted growth of these mangroves is partially due to nutrient deficiency. 3. Growth enhancements caused by N or P enrichment could not be attributed to increases in photosynthesis on a leaf area basis, although photosynthetic nutrient-use efficiency was improved. The most dramatic effect was on stem hydraulic conductance, which was increased sixfold by P and 2·5-fold with N enrichment. Fertilization with P enhanced leaf and stem P concentrations and reduced C : N ratio, but did not alter leaf damage by herbivores. 4. Our findings indicate that addition of N and P significantly alter tree growth and internal nutrient dynamics of mangroves at Bocas del Toro, but also that the magnitude, pattern and mechanisms of change will be differentially affected by each nutrient.

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Quantitative character variations of cambial derivatives in mangroves and their functional significance

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Planting density effect on some properties of Schizolobium parahyba wood

Planting density effect on some properties of Schizolobium parahyba wood

Linking physiological processes with mangrove forest structure: phosphorus deficiency limits canopy development, hydraulic conductivity and photosynthetic carbon gain in dwarf Rhizophora mangle

The effect of nutrient enrichment on growth, photosynthesis and hydraulic conductance of dwarf mangroves in Panamá

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