Quantitative Comparison of Drusen Segmented on SD-OCT versus Drusen Delineated on Color Fundus Photographs

Jain, Nieraj; Farsiu, Sina; Khanifar, Aziz A.; Bearelly, Srilaxmi; Rjh, Smith; Izatt, Joseph A.; Toth, Cynthia A.

doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4962

Cited by 101 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…11 While this would have been an interesting analysis, this has been evaluated in other studies. 40 Finally, the commercial RA segmentation algorithm was designed to include all contiguous areas that demonstrated significant transmission of light into the choroid with associated increased choroidal reflectivity. Although these measurements have been shown to compare favorably with fundus autofluorescence-based measures of RA, 41 areas of severe depigmentation of the RPE without actual loss of the RPE may produce a similar appearance on OCT and thus may be inadvertently included in the OCT-derived RA measurements.…”

Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Drusen and RPE atrophy automated quantification by optical coherence tomography in an elderly population

Diniz

Rodger

Chavali

et al. 2014

Eye

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Purpose Correlate OCT-derived measures of drusen and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy areas (RAs) with demographic features in an elderly population. Patients and methods Subjects aged 50 years and older underwent Cirrus OCT scanning. Drusen area and volume were obtained from the macula within a central circle (CC) of 3 mm and a surrounding perifoveal ring (PR) of 3-5 mm, using the RPE analysis software (6.0). RA measurements were generated for the 6 Â 6 mm 2 retinal area. Gender, age, smoking status, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were considered. Results A total of 434 eyes were included. RA was larger in women (0.63 ± 0.16 vs 0.26 ± 0.08 mm 2 , P ¼ 0.05) and with increasing age. The PR drusen area increased with increasing age (Po0.001), whereas the CC drusen area remained stable after the age of 70 years (0.25±0.06 mm 2 for ages 70-79 years and 0.25±0.07 mm 2 for ages 480 years). Drusen volume in the CC was smaller after the age of 80 years (0.009 ± 0.003 mm 3 ) compared with the 70-to 79-year-old group (0.02 ± 0.008 mm 3 ). Drusen measurements were similar between smokers and nonsmokers, but the PR drusen area (0.29 mm 2 , P ¼ 0.05) and volume (0.40 mm 3 , P ¼ 0.005) were correlated with years smoked. RA (0.24 mm 2 , P ¼ 0.10), PR drusen area (0.29 mm 2 , P ¼ 0.05), and volume (0.40 mm 3 , P ¼ 0.005) were found to be directly associated with SBP. There was a high correlation between the eyes of the same subject. Conclusion OCT-based automated algorithms can be used to analyze and describe drusen and geographic atrophy burden in such population-based studies of elderly patients.

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Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Drusen and RPE atrophy automated quantification by optical coherence tomography in an elderly population

Diniz

Rodger

Chavali

et al. 2014

Eye

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“…To date, SD-OCT has mostly been used to measure geographic atrophy in AMD trials. 33,34 As SD-OCT has been demonstrated to be a promising tool in assessing drusen morphology, 16,17,35 it is now being used to evaluate drusen in some dry AMD trials as well. 6 Currently, a clinical trial is underway using SD-OCT to study the effects of eculizumab on the growth of both geographic atrophy and drusen volume in dry AMD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Coherence Tomography–based Correlation Between Choroidal Thickness and Drusen Load in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Cao

Pakzad-Vaezi

et al. 2013

Retina

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Purpose-Spectral domain optical coherence tomography can be used to measure both choroidal thickness and drusen load. The authors conducted an exploratory study using spectral domain optical coherence tomography to determine if a correlation between choroidal thickness and drusen load exists in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration.Methods-Forty-four patients with dry age-related macular degeneration were recruited. The drusen area and volume were determined using the automated software algorithm of the spectral domain optical coherence tomography device, and choroidal thickness was measured using enhanced depth imaging. Correlations were determined using multivariable and univariable analyses.Results-The authors found an inverse correlation between choroidal thickness and drusen load (r = −0.35, P = 0.04). Drusen load was also correlated with visual acuity (r = 0.32, P = 0.04). A correlation between choroidal thickness and visual acuity was suggested (r = −0.22, P = 0.21).Conclusion-Spectral domain optical coherence tomography can be used to assess the correlation between drusen load and choroidal thickness, both of which show a relationship with visual acuity. The measurement of these outcomes may serve as important outcome parameters in routine clinical care and in clinical trials for patients with dry age-related macular degeneration. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss in people over the age of 50 in the developed world. The role of the choroid in the pathogenesis and progression of dry AMD through the formation and accumulation of drusen deserves further investigation. The choroid provides the only circulation for the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and outer retina. Therefore, it is the primary means of metabolic support for these tissues. 1 It has been shown that the choriocapillaris has unique features including high flow rate and low oxygen extraction that are mandatory to sustain normal photoreceptor metabolism. 3 Hence, the choroid's critical role of metabolic support for the retina and RPE suggests that this vascular layer may have a role in drusen development. In other words, RPE with poor metabolic support secondary to deficient choroidal supply may be more prone to developing drusen as they are unable to completely metabolize photoreceptor byproducts. 4,5 Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is a relatively new technology that allows detailed imaging within the retina, including the photoreceptor layer and RPE, as well as the choroid. 6 High-definition SD-OCT has previously been used to measure choroidal thickness in AMD. 7 It has been demonstrated that enhanced depth imaging (EDI) SD-OCT, which produces an inverted image from 100 scans to improve signal-to-noise ratio, can be used to visualize the choroid even better. [8][9][10][11] The new technology has lead to better understanding of the role of choroid in various macular diseases, including central serious chorioretinopathy, 9-11 high myopia, 12,13 Vogt-Koy...

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“…Many of these studies confi rmed dynamic changes of drusen over time. Studies with high resolution OCT have discovered that over time drusen may regress, enlarge or stay the same, some drusen may be related to photoreceptor or RPE atrophy, and some studies have confi rmed the pre-OCT era studies reporting that a large number of drusen and large diameter of drusen are more likely do lead to advanced stages of ARMD 12,[18][19][20][21] . On searching the literature, we found no study that compared changes in drusen number and CRT in patients with dry drusiform ARMD over a period of time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today's high resolution OCT is a fast noninvasive noncontact and most frequently used tool for analyzing macular structure 11 . Compared to standard indirect ophthalmoscopy, it provides much more information on retinal layers and drusen characteristics, e.g., central retinal thickness (CRT), height, width, refl ectivity, homogeneity, and photoreceptor and RPE atrophy 12,13 . It is well known that the number of drusen increases over time but we found no study so far to quantify increase in drusen number in patients with dry ARMD 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Drusen Number and Central Retinal Thickness in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Over Two Years

Mandić

2016

acc

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SUMMARY -Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed world but there are still much unknown facts about the disease itself. Age, genetic factors and smoking are the three main risk factors for the development of ARMD, but the exact pathophysiological mechanism of the disease remains unknown. Current high resolution optical coherence tomography devices provide ample new information on retinal layers, drusen characteristics and their interaction. In this study, we analyzed 44 eyes with drusiform dry ARMD using high resolution optical coherence tomography over a 2-year period. Our results showed a statistically signifi cant increase in drusen number in both females and males in the 2-year period. On average, increment by 4 and 5 drusen per eye during the 2-year period was recorded in female and male patients with drusiform dry ARMD, respectively. Also, statistical analysis of the central retinal thickness showed that women with drusiform dry ARMD had a statistically signifi cantly thinner macula than their male counterparts.

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Quantitative Comparison of Drusen Segmented on SD-OCT versus Drusen Delineated on Color Fundus Photographs

Cited by 101 publications

References 28 publications

Drusen and RPE atrophy automated quantification by optical coherence tomography in an elderly population

Drusen and RPE atrophy automated quantification by optical coherence tomography in an elderly population

Optical Coherence Tomography–based Correlation Between Choroidal Thickness and Drusen Load in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Changes of Drusen Number and Central Retinal Thickness in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients Over Two Years

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