Quantitative Comparison of the Marker Compounds in Different Medicinal Parts of Morus alba L. Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector with Chemometric Analysis

Abstract

It is thought that the therapeutic efficacy of Morus alba L. is determined by its biological compounds. We investigated the chemical differences in the medicinal parts of M. alba by analyzing a total of 57 samples (15 root barks, 11 twigs, 12 fruits, and 19 leaves). Twelve marker compounds, including seven flavonoids, two stilbenoids, two phenolic acids, and a coumarin, were quantitatively analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector and chemometric analyses (principal component and heatmap analysis). The results demonstrated that the levels and compositions of the marker compounds varied in each medicinal part. The leaves contained higher levels of six compounds, the root barks contained higher levels of four compounds, and the twigs contained higher levels of two compounds. The results of chemometric analysis showed clustering of the samples according to the medicinal part, with the marker compounds strongly associated with each part: mulberroside A, taxifolin, kuwanon G, and morusin for the root barks; 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and oxyresveratrol for the twigs and skimmin; chlorogenic acid, rutin, isoquercitrin, astragalin, and quercitrin for the leaves. Our approach plays a fundamental role in the quality evaluation and further understanding of biological actions of herbal medicines derived from various medicinal plant parts.

Herbal medicine derived carbon dots: synthesis and applications in therapeutics, bioimaging and sensing

“…In herbal medicine systems, plants are also the primary therapeutic agents for treating diseases [ 32 ]. Remarkably, different medicinal parts generally contain various active components [ 39 – 41 ]. Since there is no detailed report on the active ingredients of HM-CDs, we are unable to elaborate on the potential relationship between HM-CD derived from different medicinal parts and their source ingredients.…”

Simultaneous Determination of the Five Constituents in Maiwei Dihuang Pills by the HPLC-DAD Method

“…However, the composition of traditional Chinese medicine is complex, and it is not enough to control the quality of the whole preparation only by the two. Highperformance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) is an effective method for chemical analysis, which has been well established in a previous study [10,11].…”

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf polysaccharide ameliorates insulin resistance‐ and adipose deposition‐associated gut microbiota and lipid metabolites in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice

“…Similarly, mulberry leaf significantly reduced body weight gain and fat mass of HFD mice (Li et al., 2011; Sheng et al., 2019; Xu et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2018), indicating that the beneficial antiobesity effects of mulberry leaf may be associated with their functional polysaccharides. Besides, some compounds from mulberry leaf such as flavonols, quercetin, and rutin were reported to enhance energy metabolism (Chen et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2020; Stewart et al., 2008).…”