Quantitative cone beam X-ray luminescence tomography/X-ray computed tomography imaging

Abstract

X-ray luminescence tomography (XLT) is an imaging technology based on X-ray-excitable materials. The main purpose of this paper is to obtain quantitative luminescence concentration using the structural information of the X-ray computed tomography (XCT) in the hybrid cone beam XLT/XCT system. A multi-wavelength luminescence cone beam XLT method with the structural a priori information is presented to relieve the severe ill-posedness problem in the cone beam XLT. The nanophosphors and phantom experiments were undertaken to access the linear relationship of the system response. Then, an in vivo mouse experiment was conducted. The in vivo experimental results show that the recovered concentration error as low as 6.67% with the location error of 0.85 mm can be achieved. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately recover the nanophosphor inclusion and realize the quantitative imaging.

X-ray luminescence computed tomography imaging based on X-ray distribution model and adaptively split Bregman method

“…This ill-posed problem can be addressed by means of implicit regularization and skillful iterative methods like the algebraic reconstruction technique [13], unconstrained optimization methods based on l 2 -regularization [14] or l 1 -regularization [15] and even l p -regularization [16]. Meanwhile, the priori information such as the permissible region strategy [17] and multispectral method [18] are also commonly applied in optical imaging and have also been applied in XLCT [19]. Compared with these advanced methods, the methods based on Bregman iteration transform the optimization problem to an equivalent constrained problem with the concept of Bregman distance [20].…”

“…Hence we will further study how to conduct the scanning along the longitudinal direction and obtain more data from different planes, which is limited by our present experiment conditions. Second, with the development of XLCT imaging, the scanning strategy and reconstruction methods have been proposed in different systems, several of which have already been applied to in vivo small animal imaging [19]. Nevertheless, each system has its own advantages and disadvantages and can be affected by different conditions.…”

Performance evaluation of the simplified spherical harmonics approximation for cone-beam X-ray luminescence computed tomography imaging

“…The di®usion equations (DE), a loworder approximation of RTE, have been extensively used for three-dimensional (3D) optical imaging (e.g., BLT, FMT, and XLCT. [4][5][6][10][11][12][13] ) because of its computational e±ciency. However, DE is not applicable in tissues with low-scattering-low-absorption and low-scattering-high-absorption.…”

“…[3][4][5][6]9 XLCT imaging could be achieved either by the pencil-beam XLCT (PB-XLCT) 5 or the conebeam XLCT (CB-XLCT) methodologies. 6 The PB-XLCT has high-resolution at depth but with long time of data acquisition (typically, ! 624 s).…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9] Compared with conventional pre-clinical molecular imaging techniques, i.e.,°uorescence molecular tomography (FMT) 10,11 and bioluminescence tomography (BLT), 12,13 the advantages of XLCT are manifested in the avoidance of a signi¯cant background noise and the ability of imaging deeper tissue. [3][4][5][6]9 XLCT imaging could be achieved either by the pencil-beam XLCT (PB-XLCT) 5 or the conebeam XLCT (CB-XLCT) methodologies. 6 The PB-XLCT has high-resolution at depth but with long time of data acquisition (typically, !…”