Quantitative determination of trace levels of cationic surfactants in environmental matrixes using fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry

Simms, J. R.; Keough, T.; Ward, Susan R.; Moore, Billy L.; Bandurraga, M. M.

doi:10.1021/ac00174a016

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…probe analysis) FAB/MS is strictly qualitative because analytes of higher surface activity can suppress the response of analytes that are less surface active [7] [9]. For this reason, the actual ethoxylate range is likely to be greater than that indicated by the FAB/MS spectrum and that can then be used to monitor surfactant occurrence and behavior in the environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the 1980s and early 1990s several reports on the use of FAB/MS for identifying surface-activeagents (surfactants) in commercial product [3][4][5][6] and environmental samples [7][8][9][10] appeared in the literature. The majority of reports describe the use of FAB/MS for the qualitative analysis of surfactants while only a limited number of reports describe the quantitative analysis of surfactants by FAB/MS [7][9] [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Surfactants in Specialty Chemical Formulations of Environmental Interest by Fast Atom Bombardment/Mass Spectrometry

Field¹,

Schultz²,

Barofsky³

2003

Chimia

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Hydrocarbon-and fluorocarbon-based surfactants are used in specialty or 'niche' chemical formulations that are designed for applications such as aircraft deicing and anti-icing, 'spreaders' that increase the effectiveness of pesticide formulations, and for fighting hydrocarbon-fuel fires. The identity of the surfactants in specialty formulations is usually proprietary information. However, this information is needed to design studies that monitor the occurrence and fate of all the components of specialty chemical formulations that enter the environment and pose a risk toward aquatic organisms. Fast atom bombardment/mass spectrometry (FAB/MS), while not a new technique, remains the fastest technique for identifying surfactants in complex mixtures because no sample preparation is required. FAB/MS was applied to samples of an aircraft deicer and anti-icer and aqueous-film-forming-foams (AFFF) for the purpose of identifying the major classes of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon surfactants. High mass accuracy FAB/MS measurements were made to identify an unknown fluorosurfactant in an AFFF formulation. Rapid identification of surfactants that are released into the environment facilitates the subsequent selection of quantitative analytical methods that can be used to monitor the occurrence and fate of surfactants in the environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Surfactants in Specialty Chemical Formulations of Environmental Interest by Fast Atom Bombardment/Mass Spectrometry

Field¹,

Schultz²,

Barofsky³

2003

Chimia

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“…Samples for LAS were concentrated and impurities removed before analysis by reversed-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection [ 131. DTDMAC concentrations were determined by fast-atombombardment MS [15]. The detection level for these two methods was 1 mg/kg.…”

Section: Solid-phase Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical fate and transport in a domestic septic system: Sorption and transport of anionic and cationic surfactants

McAvoy

White

Moore

et al. 1994

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The sorption and transport of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and dialkyl quaternary ammonium compounds [ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride (DTDMAC) and distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC)] were determined within the upper soil horizons and in the aquifer below a septic tank tile field at a study site in Ontario. Sorption of LAS was greatest immediately below the tile field (Kd = 17 L/kg) within the upper unsaturated soil horizons and lowest in the aquifer (Kd = 1 L/kg). LAS sorption appeared to be controlled by a hydrophobic mechanism and was positively correlated with the organic carbon (r = 0.9) and the clay content (r = 0.9) in the subsurface environment. The sorption of DTDMAC/DSDMAC (Kd = 25‐62 L/kg) was an order of magnitude higher than LAS but showed no trend throughout the subsurface environment. The retention of DTDMAC/DSDMAC was believed to be by ion exchange within the clay interlayer basal spaces. Samples collected from the field showed concentrations of DTDMAC to range from approximately 60 mg/kg in the tile field gravel to <2 mg/kg within 10 cm of soil below the tile field gravel. Concentrations of LAS were approximately 20 mg/kg in the tile field gravel and diminished to < 1 mg/kg within 5 cm of soil below the tile field gravel. Soil solution and aquifer concentrations of LAS were always <50 μg/L and usually below the detection limit of 10 μg/L in the aquifer. Concentrations of DTDMAC in the aquifer were below the limit of detection (4 μg/L). Mathematical calculations illustrated the importance of biodegradation and sorption as removal mechanisms of these materials in subsurface environments.

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“…Mass spectrometry coupled with desorption ionization techniques has become a powerful tool for surfactant analysis in environmental sample matrices (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). LAS analysis by field desorption mass spectrometry (FD/MS) and MS/MS was first demonstrated in 1982 (14,15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Alkylbenzenesulfonates and Dialkyltetralinsulfonates in Sewage-Contaminated Groundwater

Field¹,

Barber²,

Thurman³

et al. 1992

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Quantitative determination of trace levels of cationic surfactants in environmental matrixes using fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Identifying Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Surfactants in Specialty Chemical Formulations of Environmental Interest by Fast Atom Bombardment/Mass Spectrometry

Identifying Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Surfactants in Specialty Chemical Formulations of Environmental Interest by Fast Atom Bombardment/Mass Spectrometry

Chemical fate and transport in a domestic septic system: Sorption and transport of anionic and cationic surfactants

Fate of Alkylbenzenesulfonates and Dialkyltetralinsulfonates in Sewage-Contaminated Groundwater

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