Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics

Boekhoff, Theda Marie Anne; Flieshardt, C.; Ensinger, Eva-Maria; Fork, Melani; Krämer, Sabine; Tipold, Andrea

doi:10.1097/bsd.0b013e31823f2f55

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This finding contrasts previous studies, where longer intramedullary hyperintensities in sagittal T2W sequences were predictive for unfavorable long‐term outcome using 0.3 and 1 tesla magnetic fields 18, 21, 23. Use of high‐field MRI leads to increase in signal‐to‐noise ratio and consequently to a change in image resolution;49 therefore, mild intramedullary hyperintensities in sagittal T2W sequences may be more frequently evident using 3 tesla magnetic fields.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…T2‐weighted images sequences were assessed by board certified neurologists (AT, VS, or both) to determine localization of SCI for subsequent surgical procedures. Lesion extension ratio in T2W images (T2W‐LER) was defined as lengths of spinal cord compression and intramedullary hyperintense signal expressed as a ratio in relation to length of vertebral body of L2 21. T2‐weighted—lesion extension ratio was evaluated in sagittal planes using commercially available software 2…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assessment of deep pain perception (DPP) during neurological examination, composition of cell populations and biomarkers present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been formerly evaluated as prognostic factors for long‐term functional recovery in dogs with thoracolumbar IVDH 2, 3, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. Evaluation of DPP and length of intramedullary hyperintense signal in sagittal T2‐weighted MRI were proven to be useful predictive tools for long‐term MFR 2, 18, 21, 23…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluation of DPP and length of intramedullary hyperintense signal in sagittal T2‐weighted MRI were proven to be useful predictive tools for long‐term MFR 2, 18, 21, 23…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Preoperative Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment of Deep Pain Perception as Prognostic Tools for Early Recovery of Motor Function in Paraplegic Dogs with Intervertebral Disk Herniations

Wang‐Leandro

Siedenburg

Hobert

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundPrognostic tools to predict early postoperative motor function recovery (MFR) after thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH) in paraplegic dogs represent an opportunity to timely implement novel therapies that could shorten recovery times and diminish permanent neurological dysfunctions.HypothesisFractional anisotropy (FA) values obtained using diffusion tensor imaging have a higher prognostic value than a lesion extension ratio in T2‐weighted images (T2W‐LER) and clinical assessment of deep pain perception (DPP) for MFR.AnimalsThirty‐five paraplegic dogs with diagnosis of acute or subacute thoracolumbar IVDH.MethodsProspective, descriptive observational study. At admission, absence or presence of DPP, T2W‐LER, and FA values was evaluated. MFR was assessed within 4 weeks after decompressive surgery. Values of T2W‐LER and FA of dogs with and without MFR were compared using t‐tests. All 3 methods were evaluated for their sensitivity and specificity as a prognostic factor.ResultsNo differences were found between groups regarding T2W‐LER. FA values differed statistically when measured caudally of lesion epicenter being higher in dogs without MFR compared to dogs with MFR (P = .023). Logistic regression analysis revealed significance in FA values measured caudally of the lesion epicenter (P = .033, area under the curve = 0.72). Using a cutoff value of FA = 0.660, the technique had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 55%. Evaluation of DPP had a sensitivity of 73.3% and specificity of 75% (P = .007).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceEvaluation of DPP showed a similar sensitivity and a better specificity predicting early MFR than quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evaluation of DPP and length of intramedullary hyperintense signal in sagittal T2‐weighted MRI were proven to be useful predictive tools for long‐term MFR 2, 18, 21, 23…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Preoperative Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment of Deep Pain Perception as Prognostic Tools for Early Recovery of Motor Function in Paraplegic Dogs with Intervertebral Disk Herniations

Wang‐Leandro

Siedenburg

Hobert

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Furthermore, pathological findings such as hemorrhages, edema, and physical injuries can be graphically depicted [4-6]. Pathological MRI changes of the spinal cord caused by compression appear as hyperintense lesions in T2 weighted images in conventional MRI [7]. These lesions might represent edema, hemorrhage but also necrosis or myelomalacia [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of normal appearing spinal cord by diffusion tensor imaging, fiber tracking, fractional anisotropy, and apparent diffusion coefficient measurement in 13 dogs

et al. 2013

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BackgroundFunctional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging offers plenty of new opportunities in the diagnosis of central nervous system diseases. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a technique sensitive to the random motion of water providing information about tissue architecture. We applied DTI to normal appearing spinal cords of 13 dogs of different breeds and body weights in a 3.0 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The aim was to study fiber tracking (FT) patterns by tractography and the variations of the fractional anisotropy (FA) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) observed in the spinal cords of dogs with different sizes and at different locations (cervical and thoracolumbar). For that reason we added a DTI sequence to the standard clinical MR protocol. The values of FA and ADC were calculated by means of three regions of interest defined on the cervical or the thoracolumbar spinal cord (ROI 1, 2, and 3).ResultsThe shape of the spinal cord fiber tracts was well illustrated following tractography and the exiting nerve roots could be differentiated from the spinal cord fiber tracts. Routine MR scanning times were extended for 8 to 12 min, depending on the size of the field of view (FOV), the slice thickness, and the size of the interslice gaps. In small breed dogs (< 15 kg body weight) the fibers could be tracked over a length of approximately 10 vertebral bodies with scanning times of about 8 min, whereas in large breed dogs (> 25 kg body weight) the traceable fiber length was about 5 vertebral bodies which took 10 to 12 min scanning time. FA and ADC values showed mean values of 0.447 (FA), and 0.560 × 10-3 mm2/s (ADC), respectively without any differences detected with regard to different dog sizes and spinal cord 45 segments examined.ConclusionFT is suitable for the graphical depiction of the canine spinal cord and the exiting nerve roots. The FA and ADC values offer an objective measure for evaluation of the spinal cord fiber integrity in dogs.

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Dynamic diffusion tensor imaging of spinal cord contusion: A canine model

Liu

Yang

et al. 2018

J of Neuroscience Research

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This study aimed to explore the dynamic diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of changes in spinal cord contusion using a canine model of injury involving rostral and caudal levels. In this study, a spinal cord contusion model was established in female dogs using a custom-made weight-drop lesion device. DTI was performed on dogs with injured spinal cords (n=7) using a Siemens 3.0T MRI scanner at pre-contusion and at 3 h, 24 h, 6 weeks and 12 weeks post-injury. The tissue sections were stained for immunohistochemical analysis. Canine models of spinal cord contusion were created successfully using the weight-drop lesion device. The fractional anisotropy (FA) value of lesion epicenter decreased, while the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) values increased, and the extent of the curve was apparent gradually. The site and time affected the DTI parameters significantly in the whole spinal cord, ADC (site, P < 0.001 and time, P = 0.077, respectively); FA (site, P < 0.001 and time, P = 0.002, respectively). Immunohistological analysis of GFAP and NF revealed the pathologic changes of reactive astrocytes and axons, as well as the cavity and glial scars occurring during chronic SCI. DTI is a sensitive and noninvasive imaging tool useful to assess edema, hemorrhage, cavity formation, structural damage and reconstruction of axon, and myelin in dogs. The DTI parameters after contusion vary. However, the curves of ADC, MD, and RD were nearly similar and the FA curve was distinct. All the DTI parameters were affected by distance and time.

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Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of Preoperative Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment of Deep Pain Perception as Prognostic Tools for Early Recovery of Motor Function in Paraplegic Dogs with Intervertebral Disk Herniations

Comparison of Preoperative Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Assessment of Deep Pain Perception as Prognostic Tools for Early Recovery of Motor Function in Paraplegic Dogs with Intervertebral Disk Herniations

Evaluation of normal appearing spinal cord by diffusion tensor imaging, fiber tracking, fractional anisotropy, and apparent diffusion coefficient measurement in 13 dogs

Dynamic diffusion tensor imaging of spinal cord contusion: A canine model

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