Quantum arbitrary waveform generator

Takase, Kan; Kawasaki, Akito; Jeong, Byung Kyu; Kashiwazaki, Takahiro; Kazama, Takushi; Enbutsu, Koji; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Umeki, Takeshi; Miki, Shigehito; Terai, Hirotaka; Yabuno, Masahiro; China, Fumihiro; Asavanant, Warit; Endo, Mamoru; Yoshikawa, Jun–ichi; Furusawa, Akira

doi:10.1126/sciadv.add4019

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In turning to the quantum mechanics of the arbitrary waveform generator, we emphasize that we are not concerned with interesting new variants of this device such as the Q-AWG ( 11 ), and we are not concerned with AWGs that modulate the emission of higher-frequency (terrahertz or optical) photons. We look only at the radiation emitted by a conventional AWG as used in microwave-band experiments.…”

Section: Quantum-state Description Of a Pulse Emitted By An Awgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The photonic content of a transmission-line pulse

Varvelis,

Biswas,

DiVincenzo

2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We develop a photonic description of short, one-dimensional electromagnetic pulses, specifically in the language of electrical transmission lines. Current practice in quantum technology, using arbitrary waveform generators, can readily produce very short, few-cycle pulses in a very-low-noise, low-temperature setting. We argue that these systems attain the limit of producing pure coherent quantum states, in which the vacuum has been displaced for a short time, and therefore over a short spatial extent. When the pulse is bipolar, that is, the integrated voltage of the pulse is zero, then the state can be described by the finite displacement of a single mode. Therefore there is a definite mean number of photons, but which have neither a well-defined frequency nor position. Due to the Paley–Wiener theorem, the two-component photon “wavefunction” of this mode, while somewhat localized, is not strictly bounded in space even if the vacuum displacement that defines it is bounded. When the pulse is unipolar, no photonic description is possible—the photon number can be considered to be divergent. We consider properties that photon counters and quantum non-demolition detectors must have to optimally convert and detect the photons in several example pulses. We develop a conceptual test system for implementing short-pulse quantum key distribution, building on the design of a recently achieved Bell’s theorem test in a cryogenic microwave setup.

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Section: Quantum-state Description Of a Pulse Emitted By An Awgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The photonic content of a transmission-line pulse

Varvelis,

Biswas,

DiVincenzo

2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Photon-number resolving detection is non-classical and the non-classicality propagates to the signal through quantum entanglement, resulting in a state with negative values of the Wigner function on the signal. This method, in which the PNRD appears to subtract photons from the squeezed light, is called photon subtraction and is one of the heralded methods [18,20,31,37,38]. The state generated in this way is called a photon-subtracted squeezed state and is known to be a good approximation of Schrödinger cat states or coherent-state superpositions, which are important states that can be used to generate the most promising error-correcting code such as GKP qubits [15].…”

Section: Concept Of Photon Subtractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pulse energy was always monitored by a power meter (PM). The WG-OPA was the same as our previous researches, where we generated non-Gaussian state with cw light source [31,38], and the details of the WG-OPA can be found in the reference [10]. To refer the phase of squeezed light, the probe light was also introduced to the WG-OPA, and a small portion (0.4%) of the output was detected by a photodetector (PD2), which measures a parametric gain due to the pump light.…”

Section: Photon Subtraction and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the probe light is present during the measurement, the quantum state is spoiled. Therefore, the sample-and-hold method was applied, which is often used in non-Gaussian state generation experiments with cw light [23,31,38,44]. During the sample phase, the probe light was turned on to measure and stabilize the phases of the experimental system by feedback control.…”

Section: Photon Subtraction and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Gaussian quantum state generation by multi-photon subtraction at the telecommunication wavelength

Endo¹,

He²,

Sonoyama³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In the field of continuous-variable quantum information processing, non-Gaussian states with negative values of the Wigner function are crucial for the development of a faulttolerant universal quantum computer. While several non-Gaussian states have been generated experimentally, none have been created using ultrashort optical wave packets, which are necessary for high-speed quantum computation, in the telecommunication wavelength band where mature optical communication technology is available. In this paper, we present the generation of non-Gaussian states on wave packets with a short 8-ps duration in the 1545.32 nm telecommunication wavelength band using photon subtraction up to three photons. We used a low-loss, quasi-single spatial mode waveguide optical parametric amplifier, a superconducting transition edge sensor, and a phase-locked pulsed homodyne measurement system to observe negative values of the Wigner function without loss correction up to three-photon subtraction. These results can be extended to the generation of more complicated non-Gaussian states and are a key technology in the pursuit of high-speed optical quantum computation.

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“…Precise control of optical pulses is crucial for a plethora of applications in optics, ranging from fundamental science [1], over biophotonics [2], to telecommunications [3] and recently also for optical computing [4]. Earlier works have explored free-space setups using spatial-light modulators for delivery of pulses after fiber propagation [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine-aided near-transform-limited pulse compression in fully fiber-interconnected systems for efficient spectral broadening

Fischer,

Müftüoglu,

Chemnitz

2024

Nonlinear Optics and Its Applications 2024

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The precise control over optical pulse parameters in fiber systems is crucial in many applications. Our research focuses on optimizing optical femtosecond pulses for nonlinear optics, addressing challenges in fiber-based systems with dispersion and nonlinearity. Utilizing spectral phase control and optimization algorithms like particle swarm and simulated annealing, we fine-tune a complex phase mask for desired pulse shapes. Our method involves custom phaseprofile optimization via spectral-domain phase modulation to compensate for nonlinear effects in pulse delivery. Using a chirped femtosecond source and a fiber amplifier, our implemented optimization scheme produces near-transformlimited pulses after propagation in polarization-maintaining fiber. This approach accommodates diverse pulse durations, showcasing the effectiveness of off-the-shelf programmable components with optimization algorithms in nonlinear optics and optical signal processing applications.

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Quantum arbitrary waveform generator

Cited by 12 publications

References 60 publications

The photonic content of a transmission-line pulse

The photonic content of a transmission-line pulse

Non-Gaussian quantum state generation by multi-photon subtraction at the telecommunication wavelength

Machine-aided near-transform-limited pulse compression in fully fiber-interconnected systems for efficient spectral broadening

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