Quantum contracts between Schrödinger and a cat

Ikeda, Kazuki

doi:10.1007/s11128-021-03252-4

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…More recently, they applied repeated quantum games for theory of money, in which they verified the existence of the new Nash equilibrium that makes quantum information a commodity such as money [60]. In their most recent work, a quantum supremacy of quantum decision making was shown in a more simplified setting of adverse selection and principal-agent relation [61]. These works undoubtedly demonstrated the quantum advantages in this field.…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A More Realistic Markov Process Model for Explaining the Disjunction Effect in One-Shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Game

et al. 2022

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The quantum model has been considered to be advantageous over the Markov model in explaining irrational behaviors (e.g., the disjunction effect) during decision making. Here, we reviewed and re-examined the ability of the quantum belief–action entanglement (BAE) model and the Markov belief–action (BA) model in explaining the disjunction effect considering a more realistic setting. The results indicate that neither of the two models can truly represent the underlying cognitive mechanism. Thus, we proposed a more realistic Markov model to explain the disjunction effect in the prisoner’s dilemma game. In this model, the probability transition pattern of a decision maker (DM) is dependent on the information about the opponent’s action, Also, the relationship between the cognitive components in the evolution dynamics is moderated by the DM’s degree of subjective uncertainty (DSN). The results show that the disjunction effect can be well predicted by a more realistic Markov model. Model comparison suggests the superiority of the proposed Markov model over the quantum BAE model in terms of absolute model performance, relative model performance, and model flexibility. Therefore, we suggest that the key to successfully explaining the disjunction effect is to consider the underlying cognitive mechanism properly.

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Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A More Realistic Markov Process Model for Explaining the Disjunction Effect in One-Shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Game

et al. 2022

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“…• These ideas are valid not only for repeated games, but also for games with several different stages and extensiveform games. For example, some effective results showing quantum advantages in a game theory of contracts were first reported in [20] for quantum principal-agent problems, adverse selections and moral hazard problems.…”

Section: Formulation Quantum Extensive-form Games and Quantum Advanta...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Extensive Form Games

Ikeda

2022

SSRN Journal

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“…The classical setting can be recovered by putting θ ij = 0 for all i, j and a = 1 2 . The non-trivial phases play important roles in an quantum extensive form game [40,41]. Both parties should make as many coin states as possible before starting the game to check the probability distribution before playing.…”

Section: B Validity Of the Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantum games have been developed for repeated games [38,39], extensive form games [40], contract theory [41] and markets in quantum networks [42]. This has a natural crossover with quantum mechanics due to uncertainty being prevalent in both fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%