Quantum Locality, Rings a Bell?: Bell’s Inequality Meets Local Reality and True Determinism

Sánchez-Kuntz, Natalia; Nahmad-Achar, Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s10701-017-0126-z

“…Nevertheless, he and others have argued that negating settings independence leads to unreasonable theories because it seems to imply a massive conspiracy that would jeopardize all of experimental science. Still, in recent years it has been argued that one could reasonably avoid Bell's theorem, and hence have a local theory which makes correct predictions, by denying settings independence ('t Hooft, 2016;Scardigli et al, 2019;Sánchez-Kuntz and Nahmad-Achar, 2018;Weinstein, 2009). 3 However, proponents of these ideas do not seem to have successfully addressed the opposition, nor have they been able to provide a concrete model that does the trick-that is, a concrete local model, compatible with all quantum predictions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Superdeterministic Rejections of Settings Independence

Ciepielewski¹,

Okon²,

Sudarsky³

2023

The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science

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Relying on some auxiliary assumptions, usually considered mild, Bell's theorem proves that no local theory can reproduce all the predictions of quantum mechanics. In this work, we introduce a fully local, superdeterministic model that, by explicitly violating settings independence-one of these auxiliary assumptions, requiring statistical independence between measurement settings and systems to be measured-is able to reproduce all the predictions of quantum mechanics. Moreover, we show that, contrary to widespread expectations, our model can break settings independence without an initial state that is too complex to handle, without visibly losing all explanatory power and without outright nullifying all of experimental science. Still, we argue that our model is unnecessarily complicated and does not offer true advantages over its nonlocal competitors. We conclude that, while our model does not appear to be a viable contender to their non-local counterparts, it provides the ideal framework to advance the debate over violations of statistical independence via the superdeterministic route.Aclaró que un Aleph es uno de los puntos del espacio que contienen todos los puntos.-Jorge Luis Borges ...il s'ensuit, que cette communication va à quelque distance que ce soit. Et par conséquent tout corps se ressent de tout ce qui se fait dans l'univers; tellement que celui qui voit tout, pourrait lire dans chacun ce qui se fait partout...-Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Bell's theoremWe start this section with an overview of Bell's theorem (see Myrvold et al. (2019); Goldstein et al. (2011) for thorough discussions). Then we make a few comments regarding the relation between locality and factorizability that will be relevant for the settings independence discussion later on. The inequalityConsider an ensemble of pairs of particles, all created in the state that quantum mechanics describes as a singlet. Particles of each pair are sent to two spatially separated locations, 1 and 2, where spin measurements are to be performed. Let a, b denote the spin directions measured in 1 and 2, respectively, and let A, B stand for the corresponding results (with spin-up corresponding to +1 and spin-down to −1). Denote by λ the complete, fundamental, state of each pair; that is, λ contains complete information

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“…Nevertheless, he and others have argued that negating settings independence leads to unreasonable theories because it seems to imply a massive conspiracy that would jeopardize all of experimental science. Still, in recent years it has been argued that one could reasonably avoid Bell's theorem, and hence have a local theory which makes correct predictions, by denying settings independence [40,33,32,45]. 3 However, proponents of these ideas do not seem to have successfully addressed the opposition, nor have they been able to provide a concrete model that does the trick-that is, a concrete local model, compatible with all quantum predictions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Superdeterministic Rejections of Settings Independence

Ciepielewski¹,

Okon²,

Sudarsky³

2020

Preprint

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Relying on some auxiliary assumptions, usually considered mild, Bell's theorem proves that no local theory can reproduce all the predictions of quantum mechanics. In this work, we introduce a fully local, superdeterministic model that, by explicitly violating settings independence-one of these auxiliary assumptions, requiring statistical independence between measurement settings and systems to be measured-is able to reproduce all the predictions of quantum mechanics. Moreover, we show that, contrary to widespread expectations, our model can break settings independence without an initial state that is too complex to handle, without visibly losing all explanatory power and without outright nullifying all of experimental science. Still, we argue that our model is unnecessarily complicated and does not offer true advantages over its nonlocal competitors. We conclude that, while our model does not appear to be a viable contender to their non-local counterparts, it provides the ideal framework to advance the debate over violations of statistical independence via the superdeterministic route.Aclaró que un Aleph es uno de los puntos del espacio que contienen todos los puntos.-Jorge Luis Borges ...il s'ensuit, que cette communication va à quelque distance que ce soit. Et par conséquent tout corps se ressent de tout ce qui se fait dans l'univers; tellement que celui qui voit tout, pourrait lire dans chacun ce qui se fait partout...

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Is a Deterministic and Local Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics Possible?… First Steps

Nahmad-Achar

¹

,

Sánchez-Kuntz

²

2020

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

0

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Quantum states in superposition cannot be observed, suggesting that they merely embody information on possible measurement results. Yet, we think of them as describing physical systems that evolve in time according to given mathematical equations. Furthermore, evolution takes place in physical space-time, and local causality is imposed on space-time by Special Relativity (a sequence of cause and effect that constitutes a fundamental principle by which we think about and do scientific work). It is therefore strange that there is non–locality and violation of causality embedded in Quantum Mechanics. We try to give here a first step to see whether a deterministic and local interpretation is possible. We will show that Bell’s inequality is not conclusive about the non–local nature of Quantum Mechanics, in that there exists an interpretation of reality (which we put forward) which is local and in which Bell’s inequality cannot be derived. Assuming determinism and locality a new Bell-like inequality is derived, which is always satisfied by Quantum Mechanics and which allows for local hidden variables [1].

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Quantum Locality, Rings a Bell?: Bell’s Inequality Meets Local Reality and True Determinism

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

On Superdeterministic Rejections of Settings Independence

On Superdeterministic Rejections of Settings Independence

On Superdeterministic Rejections of Settings Independence

Is a Deterministic and Local Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics Possible?… First Steps

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