Quantum Theory of an Optical Maser. I. General Theory

The stochastic Liouville equation is applied to the field of organic magnetoresistance to perform detailed microscopic calculations on the different proposed models. By adapting this equation, the influence of a magnetic field on the current in bipolaron, electron-hole pair, and triplet models is calculated. The simplicity and wide applicability of the stochastic Liouville equation makes it a powerful tool for interpreting experimental results on magnetoresistance measurements in organic semiconductors. New insights are gained on the influence of hopping rates and disorder on the magnetoresistance.

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“…13,14 This equation was first introduced by Scully and Lamb and is often referred to as the stochastic Liouville equation: 14…”

Section: Stochastic Liouville Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic modeling of magnetic-field effects on charge transport in organic semiconductors

et al. 2011

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“…In the later case, destructive interference between the incoming photon and the emitted electro-magnetic wave yields in an absorption. Since the realization of the first laser, researchers have investigated stimulated emission and the gain in an amplifying medium using coherent or incoherent radiation [8]. Several well know phenomena have been observed in these very basic experiments, i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-resolved measurements of stimulated emission in a laser

Kröll

Darmo

Dhillon

et al. 2007

Nature

163

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“…8), in the interaction picture, the Hamiltonian part of the evolution of the density matrix is only via the interaction term V mf = H I − H 0 . Before we move on to discuss the ED-JCM as a quantum amplifier, we wish to discuss the main differences between the ED-JCM and the quantum theory of the laser due to Scully and Lamb (SL) [13] [14]. Firstly, in the SL model the material system (the atom) has either four levels [14] or five levels [11], whereas in the ED-JCM the matter has three levels.…”

Section: The Ed-jcm Master Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before we move on to discuss the ED-JCM as a quantum amplifier, we wish to discuss the main differences between the ED-JCM and the quantum theory of the laser due to Scully and Lamb (SL) [13] [14]. Firstly, in the SL model the material system (the atom) has either four levels [14] or five levels [11], whereas in the ED-JCM the matter has three levels. Secondly, in the SL model the transitions between the two upper lasing levels and the two lower levels is achieved through a phenomenological decay, whereas in the ED-JCM population may also be pumped from the ground state to the two upper lasing levels through the full dissipative Lindblad super operator.…”

Section: The Ed-jcm Master Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic analysis of quantum light amplification

Boukobza

Tannor

2006

Phys. Rev. A

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Thermodynamics of a three-level maser was studied in the pioneering work of Scovil and SchulzDuBois [Phys. Rev. Lett. 2, 262 (1959)]. In this work we consider the same three-level model, but treat both the matter and light quantum mechanically. Specifically, we analyze an extended (three-level) dissipative Jaynes-Cummings model (ED-JCM) within the framework of a quantum heat engine, using novel formulas for heat flux and power in bipartite systems introduced in our previous work [E. Boukobza and D. J. Tannor, PRA (in press)]. Amplification of the selected cavity mode occurs even in this simple model, as seen by a positive steady state power. However, initial field coherence is lost, as seen by the decaying off-diagonal field density matrix elements, and by the Husimi-Kano Q function. We show that after an initial transient time the field's entropy rises linearly during the operation of the engine, which we attribute to the dissipative nature of the evolution and not to matter-field entanglement. We show that the second law of thermodynamics is satisfied in two formulations (Clausius, Carnot) and that the efficiency of the ED-JCM heat engine agrees with that defined intuitively by Scovil and Schulz-DuBois. Finally, we compare the steady state heat flux and power of the fully quantum model with the semiclassical counterpart of the ED-JCM, and derive the engine efficiency formula of Scovil and Schulz-DuBois analytically from fundamental thermodynamic fluxes.

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Quantum Theory of an Optical Maser. I. General Theory

Cited by 654 publications

References 31 publications

Microscopic modeling of magnetic-field effects on charge transport in organic semiconductors

Microscopic modeling of magnetic-field effects on charge transport in organic semiconductors

Phase-resolved measurements of stimulated emission in a laser

Thermodynamic analysis of quantum light amplification

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