Quantum Version of a Generalized Monty Hall Game and Its Possible Applications to Quantum Secure Communications

Quezada, L. F.; Dong, Shi‐Hai

doi:10.1002/andp.202000427

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The work environment is split into several zones, and the checkpoint is only used once when MH enters and exits the region. For further information on how these protocols work, see [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Recovery Algorithms and Its Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nash Equilibrium (NE) is the state of affairs in which no player can unilaterally enhance their reward, while the Pareto Optimum (PO) is the state of affairs in which no player can unilaterally increase their reward without impairing the advantage of another player. Both are optimal for the individual player, but the latter is usually preferable for the whole team [14,15].Quantum game theory has developed as a paradigm for analyzing the competitive flow of quantum information in the recent past [16]. The phrase "quantum game"refers to novel applications of quantum information processing, such as competitive agent interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are in contrast to cooperative games, which allow agents to interact directly or indirectly via a third party. Entanglement is a quantum resource that may be utilized to optimize known gametheoretic equilibrium outcomes [16][17][18][19]. Figure 1 depicts the classical and quantum versions of a four-player game.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantum Game Application to Recovery Problem in Mobile Database

2021

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Mobile Computing (MC) is a relatively new concept in the world of distributed computing that is rapidly gaining traction. Due to the dynamic nature of mobility and the limited bandwidth available on wireless networks, this new computing environment for mobile devices presents significant challenges in terms of fault-tolerant system development. As a consequence, traditional fault-tolerance techniques are inherently inapplicable to these systems. External circumstances often expose mobile systems to failures in communication or data storage. In this article, a quantum game theory-based recovery model is proposed in the case of a mobile host’s failure. Several of the state-of-the-art recovery protocols are selected and analyzed in order to identify the most important variables influencing the recovery mechanism, such as the number of processes, the time needed to send messages, and the number of messages logged-in time. Quantum game theory is then adapted to select the optimal recovery method for the given environment variables using the proposed utility matrix of three players. Game theory is the study of mathematical models of situations in which intelligent rational decision-makers face conflicting interests (alternative recovery procedures). The purpose of this study is to present an adaptive algorithm based on quantum game theory for selecting the most efficient context-aware computing recovery procedure. The transition from a classical to a quantum domain is accomplished in the proposed model by treating strategies as a Hilbert space rather than a discrete set and then allowing for the existence of linear superpositions between classical strategies; this naturally increases the number of possible strategic choices available to each player from a numerable to a continuous set. Numerical data are provided to demonstrate feasibility.

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Section: Recovery Algorithms and Its Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantum Game Application to Recovery Problem in Mobile Database

2021

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“…Entangled states play a very important role in the field of quantum computation and quantum information. 74 Highly entangled states like Bell states…”

Section: Quantum Entanglement and Bell Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum computing: A measurement and analysis review

Gupta

Nene

2021

Concurrency and Computation

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Computing methodologies with rapid proliferation and need for greater concurrency have evolved over the years from parallel and distributed computing to latest technologies like cloud computing. A paradigm shift in computing methodologies has been witnessed in the form of exponential speed up, optimization of problem solutions, and solvability of few classically unsolvable problems with emergence of quantum computing. The study in this article presents observations on executing basic quantum operations that play a vital role in quantum computing. The results and analysis demonstrate how parameters of time, deviation, and shots have a significant effect on outcomes of quantum circuits executed which can be a reference point for the community in general engaged in designing of quantum circuits, protocols, algorithms, and quantum hardware to leverage quantum characteristics and properties. The study by means of experimental use cases provides a rigorous review of qubit behavior, standard, and entangled qubit measurement with practical results over a simulator and real quantum hardware for variable qubit configurations using a selected platform of IBM Q Experience. With the paradigm shift from classical to quantum computing, this article provides basic but very vital observations which can be brought to use by anyone intending to build quantum applications. K E Y W O R D Sabsolute deviation analysis, bell state measurement, noise model, open-source quantum software projects, quantum measurement, transpiling time INTRODUCTIONAbacus was the first step toward building a computing hardware. Calculators such as the arithmometer remained a fascination after 1820s and its potential was utilized for commercial use. The need for performing complex calculations and constructing mathematical tables like logarithmic tables further lead to the making of difference engine by Charles Babbage which later gave way to a more advanced computing machine-the analytical engine, a general-purpose, fully program-controlled automatic mechanical digital computer. [1][2][3] It is important to realize that the advancements in computational hardware were driven by commercial or military requirements. First generation classical computers had vacuum tubes at the heart of their construction which were replaced with transistors, integrated circuits, very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits for the purpose of enhancing computing power of a system and reducing hardware size to enable larger information/data processing with lesser time and space available. [4][5][6][7][8] Standalone computation systems were further integrated into networks to provide computational concurrency enabling handling of large data volumes and performing complex computations with evolving computing methodologies from serial computing to distributed computing 9 and parallel computing. 10 Over the recent decades with increase in data volumes, concepts like data mining, big data analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI) emerged, demand for extremely fast processing speeds an...

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“…Some proposals for multipartite schemes in quantum cryptography have already been made, such as quantum secret sharing (QSS) and QKD protocols. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Furthermore, maximally entangled states, such as the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and the W state, have been used for quantum secure direct communications (QSDC), [11,12] quantum dialogue (QD), [13,14] and two-parties QKD protocols. [15][16][17][18] There are many approaches to QKD, which can be classified into at least four groups: A direct approach that is hard to DOI: 10.1002/andp.202100116 implement because of the high characterization of sources, channels, and measurement devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bell‐GHZ Measurement‐Device‐Independent Quantum Key Distribution

2021

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In this work, a one‐sided measurement‐device‐independent quantum key distribution protocol that uses Bell and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states is proposed. The protocol considers three parties: Alice and Bob, who will share the key at the end of the protocol; and Charlie, who plays the role of facilitating the key distribution without having access to the key itself. Alice and Charlie are trusted users, while Bob is uncharacterized. The protocol is asymmetrical, meaning that Alice sends one qubit while Bob sends two; this allows Bob to identify himself via a previously assigned ID; if this authentication fails, the key distribution also will.

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Quantum Version of a Generalized Monty Hall Game and Its Possible Applications to Quantum Secure Communications

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Quantum Game Application to Recovery Problem in Mobile Database

Quantum Game Application to Recovery Problem in Mobile Database

Quantum computing: A measurement and analysis review

Bell‐GHZ Measurement‐Device‐Independent Quantum Key Distribution

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