Quaternary Thrusting in the Central Oman Mountains—Novel Observations and Causes: Insights from Optical Stimulate Luminescence Dating and Kinematic Fault Analyses

Moraetis, Daniel; Scharf, Andreas; Mattern, Frank; Pavlopoulos, Kosmas; Forman, Steven L.

doi:10.3390/geosciences10050166

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is in contrast to Hoffmann et al (2013), who show that the northern part of the east coast is tectonically stable, excluding any noneustatic sea-level change. The topic of neotectonic movements in northern Oman is currently being researched (Mattern et al, 2018; Moraetis et al, 2018, 2020; Ermertz et al, 2019; Hoffmann et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collapse of Holocene mangrove ecosystems along the coastline of Oman

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sedimentological, geochemical, and paleontological investigations of the coastline of northeastern Oman have provided the authors with an in-depth insight into Holocene sea levels and climate conditions. The spatial distribution and species assemblage of mangrove ecosystems are analyzed. These ecosystems are sensitive to changes in sea level and precipitation and thus reflect ecological conditions. The close proximity to archaeological sites allows us to draw conclusions regarding human interaction with the mangrove ecosystems. Our interdisciplinary inquiry reveals that the mangrove ecosystems along the east coast of Oman collapsed ~6000 cal yr BP on a decadal scale. There is no sedimentological evidence for a mid-Holocene sea-level highstand. The ecosystem collapse was not caused by sea-level variation or anthropogenic interferences; rather, it was the consequence of reduced precipitation values related to a southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. This resulted in a decrease of freshwater input and an increase in soil salinity. Further, the aridification of the area caused increased deflation and silting up of the lagoons.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collapse of Holocene mangrove ecosystems along the coastline of Oman

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This area is still uplifting, as indicated by uplifted marine terraces (e.g., Ermertz et al, 2019;Fournier et al, 2006;Hoffmann et al, 2020;Mattern, Moraetis, et al, 2018;Moraetis et al, 2018;Wyns et al, 1992). In contrast, little to no Quaternary tectonic activity has been reported from the Central Oman Mountains (Moraetis et al, 2020;Scharf, Mattern, Moraetis, et al, 2019). Mid-Eocene to Oligocene shallow-marine rocks East of the Qalhat Fault are currently not being uplifted and represent the footwall of the Qalhat Fault (Wyns et al, 1992).…”

Section: Batain and Jabal Ja'alan Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligocene/Early Miocene E/W‐Shortening in the Oman Mountains Related to Oblique Arabia‐India Convergence

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Field survey, literature review, geological map interpretation, GPlates reconstruction and LA‐ICP‐MS U‐Pb dating of synkinematic calcite demonstrate that ∼E/W‐shortening in eastern Oman was significant and related to oblique convergence of Arabia and India from 32.5 to 20 Ma. Approximately N/S‐striking contractional structures, WNW to NNW‐striking sinistral faults and ∼E/W‐striking normal faults characterize a ∼250 km × ∼50 km wrench corridor in the eastern Oman Mountains (Hajar Wrench Corridor, HWC). Numerous faults/folds indicate that deformation of the HWC is widely distributed but concentrated along WNW to NNW‐striking major faults at the SW margin of the Saih Hatat Dome, forming the Hajar Shear Zone, which reactivated basement faults. GPlates reconstructions reveal that N‐drifting India rotated 8° counter‐clockwise with respect to fixed Arabia from 32.5 to 20 Ma, leading to a minimum of 100 km E/W convergence between both plates. This convergence created the sinistral HWC with a displacement of a few to several tens of kilometers. Independently from the GPlates time constraints, two U‐Pb ages of synkinematic calcites, crystallized along faults during HWC movement, yield compatible ages of 30.08 ± 0.47 and 22.31 ± 2.15 Ma (2 standard error). E/W‐shortening also affected the northern Oman Mountains, creating the ∼N/S‐striking Hagab Thrust in the Musandam Peninsula and the Jabal Hafit Anticline.

show abstract

“…A similar burial was found for the surrounding area by Aldega et al [33] based on thermal sensitive clay mineral assemblages. Moraetis et al [34] presented evidence of ongoing contractional tectonic activity in the Central Oman Mountains during the Quaternary, about 159 BP. This activity implies some reactivation of the Hawasina and Semail thrusts due to far-field stress either from the Makran Subduction Zone and/or the Zagros Collision Zone [34].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Relationship between Large-Scale Fold Structures and Small-Scale Fracture Patterns: A Case Study from the Oman Mountains

Al-Kindi

2020

Geosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Considering the foreland fold belt of the Salakh Arch in the northern Oman Mountains, predictions made from two-dimensional (2D) restorations and geometrical analyses are tested here to assess the relationship between large-scale folds and small-scale fractures. The Salakh Arch is composed of six anticlines that are interpreted as faulted detachment folds. They have an overall stratigraphy of a 2-km-thick carbonate platform underlain by more than 1.5 km of interbedded sandstone and shale sequences. These sequences are most likely detached on a regionally extensive evaporite horizon. The folding of the Salakh Arch structures most likely occurred during the Neogene Period, and perhaps partly in the early Quaternary Period. This is evident from the thrusting of the Late Neogene Barzaman Formation which was deposited during the Late Neogene Period. Robust outcrop and subsurface fracture data are used to test these predictions. The results from the study indicate that most fractures are related to the orientation of the local structure, with some sets parallel and some sets perpendicular to local hinge lines. Prefolding regional fractures are also widely distributed, and these were mostly formed during the Late Cretaceous Period. Many pre-existing fractures are associated with faults that formed during the Late Cretaceous Period under a NW–SE compression. The local fractures generally have orientations that are consistent with being formed by the flexural slip/flexural flow of fold limbs and tangential longitudinal strains on fold hinges. These structures can be predicted from finite stratal dips, simple curvatures, and three-dimensional (3D) folding restoration maps. The Gaussian curvatures and 3D faulting restoration maps can be used as proxies for fault-related fractures. Local hinge-related fractures may reflect local tangential longitudinal strain during large-scale fold tightening. Fold structures that have formed at an oblique orientation to the regional shortening direction show additional fracture arrays perpendicular to the hinge, indicating weak axial extension. This is presumed to develop as the arcuate thrust belt of Salakh Arch was amplified. The analysis here illustrates the importance of taking a 3D approach, especially for noncylindrical folds. The protocols developed in this study and their results may have general applicability to investigations of fracture patterns in other folds.

show abstract

Quaternary Thrusting in the Central Oman Mountains—Novel Observations and Causes: Insights from Optical Stimulate Luminescence Dating and Kinematic Fault Analyses

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Collapse of Holocene mangrove ecosystems along the coastline of Oman

Collapse of Holocene mangrove ecosystems along the coastline of Oman

Oligocene/Early Miocene E/W‐Shortening in the Oman Mountains Related to Oblique Arabia‐India Convergence

Understanding the Relationship between Large-Scale Fold Structures and Small-Scale Fracture Patterns: A Case Study from the Oman Mountains

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About