Quel bilan de la PAC dans les zones de montagne et défavorisées ?

Bazin, Gilles

doi:10.3406/rga.1992.3650

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Since farming profitability is lower in mountain as compared to lowland areas, and the economic subsidies of agricultural policies have been unable to compensate for this gap (Bazin, 1995), it has been suggested that the economic viability of traditional, extensive farming should be promoted through a "multifunctional farming" approach (Wilson, 2008). In this approach, the lower productivity of extensive production practices should be compensated by increasing the farm revenues through direct processing and marketing of products, agro-tourism activities, and public contribution for the landscape maintenance and use of environmentally friendly practices (Mac Donald et al, 2000;Bonsembiante and Cozzi, 2005).…”

Section: Livestock Systems In Italian Alpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock systems and farming styles in Eastern Italian Alps: an on-farm survey

Sturaro

Cocca

Gallo

et al. 2009

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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this research aimed to study the relationships between livestock systems, landscape maintenance and farming styles in the belluno Province, a mountainous area of the Eastern Italian Alps. A total of 65 farms were sampled on the basis of livestock category farmed and herd size. Farms were visited to collect information on technical and productive aspects, on landscape features of land managed, which was identified by aerial photographs and digitised in a GIS environment, and on the farmers' background, attitudes and approach to farming. Six different livestock systems were identified: intensive beef cattle (2 farms); extensive beef cattle (12 farms); large sheep/goat farms (9 farms); small sheep/goat farms (6 farms); intensive dairy cattle (14 farms) and extensive dairy cattle (22 farms). The intensive systems had larger herds, modern structures and equipment, and were strongly production oriented, whereas the extensive systems had smaller herds and productivity, with often traditional or obsolete structures and equipment, but showed a tendency to diversify production by means of on-farm cheese making and/or mixed farming of different livestock categories. the ability to maintain meadows and pastures was greater for the extensive systems, especially in steep areas, while the annual nitrogen output, estimated as kg N/ha, was lower. Data on the farmers' background and attitudes were analysed with a non-hierarchical cluster procedure that clustered the farmers into 4 farming styles widely different in motivations to farming, innovative capability, and ability to diversify income sources and ensure farm economic viability. the farming styles were distributed across all livestock systems, indicating the lack of a linkage between the assignment of a farm to a livestock system and the way the farm is managed. this study demonstrates that in mountain areas variability of livestock systems may be high, and that they differ not only in production practices but also in the ability to maintain landscape, which is generally higher in the extensive or even marginal systems. Within a given livestock system, farms may be managed with different styles, which implies that informative knowledge to address policy decisions needs to integrate the definition of livestock systems with the assessment of farming styles.

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Section: Livestock Systems In Italian Alpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livestock systems and farming styles in Eastern Italian Alps: an on-farm survey

Sturaro

Cocca

Gallo

et al. 2009

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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“…In this context, the comparatively low total amount of the Spanish allowances is just one more factor that explains why this kind of policy exerted little impact on the trajectory of mountain societies. Just to make a comparison, the more generous allowances paid by the French to their mountain farmers do not seem to have radically altered the general picture (Bazin 1992). The Spanish evidence also aligns with the view of those scholars who have stressed that compensatory allowances do not significantly alter farmers' production decisions (Shucksmith and Smith 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7, 14, 19), in relation to the total amount of farm subsidies. It was also a low figure in terms of cross‐country comparison: French and German mountain farmers received allowances that were around four times higher, and the British figure was nearly ten times higher (Bazin 1992, pp. 52–3).…”

Section: Disappointment: Rural Policy and Rural Trajectorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Do they make a significant impact on the historical trajectory of rural society in LFAs? It has been suggested that the total amount of the allowances, which in Northern Europe is much higher than in Southern Europe due to Southern European governments' preference for other, more general, instruments of rural development, may not be an irrelevant variable here (see Bazin 1992; Terluin et al 1995; Dax and Hellegers 2000; Shucksmith et al 2005). More broadly, Caraveli (2000) has suggested that rural development policies have contributed to reverse abandonment trends in LFAs because they have encouraged economic diversification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are divergent views on this kind of compensatory rural policy. It has been estimated that, in average European terms, compensatory allowances reduce the farm income gap between LFAs and regular areas by about 7 per cent (Bazin 1992; Terluin et al 1995). Several authors (Gray 1996; Caraveli 2000) have suggested that LFA allowances make a decisive contribution to the survival of low‐intensity farming in many remote areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exit, Voice, and Disappointment: Mountain Decline and Eu Compensatory Rural Policy in Spain

Collantes

2009

Public Administration

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The article analyses the Spanish experience of EU compensatory rural policy in order to contribute to broader debates on the effectiveness of this kind of policy and the role of agriculture in the definition of European rural policies. In the case of Spain, compensatory allowances to mainly mountain farmers had little effect on economic trajectories or social cohesion because of the small sums involved, the exclusion of those with very small farms, and the decreasing role of agriculture in the rural economy. Other, more structural, instruments of rural policy focused on small-scale promotion of business growth but were ill-equipped to challenge some of the territorially defined items of living standard gaps. A historically grounded analysis suggests that the main changes in the social trajectory of Spain's mountain areas in the last decades have little to do with compensatory policy and are related to ordinary economic dynamics.

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Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Vegetation Cover in the Spanish Central Pyrenees: Role of Human Management

Vicente‐Serrano

Lasanta

Romo

2004

Environmental Management

151

102

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A vegetation cover increase has been identified at global scales using satellite images and vegetation indices. This fact is usually explained by global climatic change processes such as CO(2) and temperature increases. Nevertheless, although these causes can be important, the role of socioeconomic transformations must be considered in some places, since in several areas of Northern Hemisphere an important change in management practices has been detected. Rural depopulation and land abandonment have reactivated the natural vegetation regeneration processes. This work analyses the vegetation evolution in the central Spanish Pyrenees from 1982 to 2000. The analysis has been done by using calibrated-NDVI temporal series from NOAA-AVHRR images. A positive and significant trend in NDVI data has been identified from 1982 to 2000 coinciding with a temperature increase in the study area. However, the spatial differences in magnitude and the sign of NDVI trends are significant. The role of land management changes in the 20th century is considered as a hypothesis to explain the spatial differences in NDVI trends. The role of land-cover and human land-uses on this process has been analyzed. The highest increment of NDVI is detected in lands affected by abandonment and human extensification. The importance of management changes in vegetation growth is discussed, and we indicate that although climate has great importance in vegetal evolution, land-management changes can not be neglected in our study area.

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Quel bilan de la PAC dans les zones de montagne et défavorisées ?

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Livestock systems and farming styles in Eastern Italian Alps: an on-farm survey

Livestock systems and farming styles in Eastern Italian Alps: an on-farm survey

Exit, Voice, and Disappointment: Mountain Decline and Eu Compensatory Rural Policy in Spain

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Vegetation Cover in the Spanish Central Pyrenees: Role of Human Management

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