Quench experiments on sub-size HTS Cable-In-Conduit Conductors for fusion applications: Data analysis and model validation

Zappatore, Andrea; Bonifetto, Roberto; Bruzzone, Pierluigi; Corato, V.; Dicuonzo, Ortensia; Kumar, Mithlesh; Sedlák, Kamil; Stepanov, B.

doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2023.103695

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The calculation typically overestimates the measured voltage. This is clearly seen for the operation at 9 kA for voltages above 0.2 V. This discrepancy should be primarily caused by the QPV, which is assumed to be constant in the assessment, whereas it decreases substantially in the SULTAN measurements once the propagating front exits the HFZ of ∼0.5 m length (see related discussion in [39]). Note that the measured voltage at higher currents has an offset at zero time corresponding to the contribution from the resistive zone that reached the peak temperature of ∼40 K, which is not included in equation (6).…”

Section: Quench Propagationmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental study of stability, quench propagation and detection methods on 15 kA sub-scale HTS fusion conductors in SULTAN

Bykovskiy

Bajas

Dicuonzo

et al. 2023

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-temperature superconductors (HTS) enable exclusive operating conditions for fusion magnets, boosting their performance up to 20 T generated magnetic fields, in the temperature range from 4 K to 20 K. One of the main technological issues of the HTS conductors is focused on their protection in the case of a thermal runaway (quench). In spite of extremely high thermal stability of HTS materials, quench is still possible due to local defects along the conductor length or insufficient cooling. In such cases, the high stability results in slow propagation of a resistive zone. Thereby, risky hot-spot temperature (>200 K) can be reached, if applying conventional quench detection methods at the voltage threshold of 0.1 – 0.5 V, typical for fusion magnets. Aiming at experimental study of the phenomenon, a series of sub-scale 15 kA 3.6 m long conductors based on stack of tapes soldered in copper profiles are manufactured at Swiss Plasma Center, including twisted ReBCO and BiSCCO triplets, non-twisted and solder-filled ReBCO triplets, as well as indirectly cooled non-twisted ReBCO single strand. Applying either increasing helium inlet temperature, overcurrent operation or energy deposited by embedded cartridge heaters, critical values of the electric field and temperature are evaluated for a given operating current (up to 15 kA) and background magnetic field (up to 10.9 T). Once quench is actually triggered, the quench propagation is studied by distributed voltage taps and temperature sensors able to monitor the external temperature of the jacket and internal one of the conductor (helium or copper). Thanks to the recent upgrade of the SULTAN test facility, quench propagation in the conductors is measured up to the total voltage of 2 V and peak temperature of 320 K. Furthermore, novel quench detection methods based on superconducting insulated wires and fiber optics are also instrumented and studied. Summary of the test samples, their instrumentation and corresponding test results is presented in this work.

show abstract

Section: Quench Propagationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The first test results obtained on triplet conductors made of soldered rare earth barium copper oxide (ReBCO) stacks are discussed in [38]. As reported in [39], the obtained data allowed the benchmarking of 1D thermal-hydraulic and electrical models and the refining of the assessment of the quench performance for the EU DEMO CS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Experimental study of stability, quench propagation and detection methods on 15 kA sub-scale HTS fusion conductors in SULTAN

Bykovskiy

Bajas

Dicuonzo

et al. 2023

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…EXPERIMENTAL TESTS AC loss tests were performed in SULTAN [8] in the framework of the Quench Experiment campaign launched by EUROfusion in 2020, see [7] and [13]. The tests were carried out applying a sinusoidal AC external field of ± 0.2 T with a frequency of 0.3 Hz up to 1.5 Hz, on top of a DC background field.…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and Application of Hysteresis Loss Model for HTS Stacks and Conductors for Fusion Applications

Zappatore,

Bykovskiy,

De Marzi

2024

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous conductor designs for pulsed magnets based on High Temperature Superconductors (HTS), featuring stacks of tapes are currently being proposed. A major contribution to the AC losses is expected to be given by hysteresis losses. Several numerical models have been developed for the computation of hysteresis losses, however the lack of experimental data in conditions relevant for the coil operation did not allow extensive validation of those models. Here, we present the AC loss tests performed on HTS conductor with transport current in conditions of partial or full field penetration. After the validation of a numerical model on those data, we analyze the losses expected during the operation of the EU DEMO CS coil, assessing possible analytical formulations for the calculation of hysteresis losses in DEMO-relevant conditions.

show abstract

Modelling and analysis of quench in the 15-kA HTS conductor

Lewandowska,

Dembkowska,

Ortwein

et al. 2024

Cryogenics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quench experiments on sub-size HTS Cable-In-Conduit Conductors for fusion applications: Data analysis and model validation

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental study of stability, quench propagation and detection methods on 15 kA sub-scale HTS fusion conductors in SULTAN

Experimental study of stability, quench propagation and detection methods on 15 kA sub-scale HTS fusion conductors in SULTAN

Validation and Application of Hysteresis Loss Model for HTS Stacks and Conductors for Fusion Applications

Modelling and analysis of quench in the 15-kA HTS conductor

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About