Race, Resources, and Representation: Evidence from Brazilian Politicians

Bueno, Natália S.; Dunning, Thad

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2498662

Cited by 20 publications

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“…These recent improvements in experimental design allow for: 01. causal inference; 02. control of variables; 03. precise measurement; and 04. the ability to explore the details of given processes (McDERMOTT, 2002). Aguilar and colleagues (2015) and Bueno and Dunning (2017) are relevant works using experiments precisely discerning race and class in Brazil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Latin America and Brazil, with few exceptions (e.g., AGUILAR et al, 2015;BAILEY, 2002BAILEY, , 2004BAILEY et al, 2015;BUENO and DUNNING, 2017;UFF, 2002;TURRA and VENTURI, 1995;SANTOS and SILVA, 2005), there is little public opinion research on racial issues. This study is unusual in that it maps the racial attitudes of college students in Brazil through a survey-experiment (see also TURGEON, CHAVES and WIVES, 2014;VIDIGAL, 2015), providing a more accurate picture of public opinion among those who oppose affirmative action policies in universities.…”

Section: T Robert Vidigalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…KUKLINSKI et al, 1997a; KUKLINSKI et al, 1997b;SNIDERMAN and CARMINES, 1997) to identify opinions on socially sensitive issues. The advantage of the approach is that it allows the researcher to question respondents indirectly, thus ensuring greater sincerity in their answers.The results of the survey lead me to reject the social dominance hypothesis.Meanwhile, the evidence points most strongly to symbolic racism as the main driver for of white opposition to racial quotas at the Universidade In Latin America and Brazil, with few exceptions (e.g., AGUILAR et al, 2015;BAILEY, 2002BAILEY, , 2004BAILEY et al, 2015;BUENO and DUNNING, 2017; UFF, 2002;TURRA and VENTURI, 1995; SANTOS and SILVA, 2005), there is little public opinion research on racial issues. This study is unusual in that it maps the racial attitudes of college students in Brazil through a survey-experiment (see also TURGEON, CHAVES and WIVES, 2014;VIDIGAL, 2015), providing a more accurate picture of public opinion among those who oppose affirmative action policies in universities.…”

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Affirmative Action Attitudes of Whites: Evidence from a List Experiment Survey in Brazil

Vidigal

2018

Bras. Political Sci. Rev.

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Recently in Brazil, public policies have begun to be implemented to reduce discrimination and promote the inclusion of excluded social groups based on a specific individual characteristic: race. However, there is little public consensus about such policies, especially among whites. In this work, I look at the racial attitudes towards affirmative action among white college students. I make use of new research methods for the empirical study of socially sensitive issues and ask whether these attitudes stem from prejudice, conflicts between social groups or individual political predispositions. Furthermore, I ask what is the relationship between political knowledge and such racial attitudes. I use the list experiment method because of its potential to offset the under-representation of opinions and attitudes. This approach allows respondents to be indirectly questioned, ensuring greater sincerity in their answers and, hence, providing more accurate portrayal of attitudes. This study shows that white respondents' answers on affirmative action policies are strongly affected by social desirability. Only 6% of white respondents agreed that it is important to have a quota policy for blacks at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC). Individuals with greater political knowledge tend to express greater support for affirmative action and hold more coherent racial attitudes Results also reveal that negative racial attitudes and political predispositions are both determinants of the white student's attitudes towards affirmative action policies. Keywords: Affirmative action; racial attitudes; public opinion; political knowledge; experiment. he implementation of affirmative action policies in Brazil to promote the inclusion of social groups excluded specifically based on race are a recent development. These policies vary from the creation of quotas that promote access of blacks to higher education to universalist efforts to reduce the impoverished Brazilian populations composed mostly of blacks (TELLES and BAILEY, 2002) 1 . However, the perception of these policies by white individuals is not well understood.In this article, I present a study of racial attitudes among white college students at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) and their opposition to affirmative action. Attitudes against affirmative action encompass a variety of arguments and values, which include some of the following notions: affirmative action consists of an unfair preferential policy; the policy is reverse discrimination; and the policy stigmatizes the people they want to help (BOBO, 1999;SEARS et al., 1997).The purpose of this article is to advance our understanding of white opposition to affirmative action in Brazilian federal public universities. I draw on the literatures of the three main schools of thought explaining opposition to racial policies in the UnitedStates, all of which propose competing theories. However, these theories are often discussed in the context of race being a discrete, or even binary, entity. How can these t...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: T Robert Vidigalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affirmative Action Attitudes of Whites: Evidence from a List Experiment Survey in Brazil

Vidigal

2018

Bras. Political Sci. Rev.

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“…While evidence is mixed as to whether Brazilians prefer candidates of their same race or color, or race-specific policies (Aguilar et al 2015;Bueno and Dunning 2017;Janusz 2017;Kay et al 2015;Mitchell 2010), a number of studies suggest that Afro-Brazilians exhibit candidate preferences that are less influenced by other factors, such as class or education. Berquó and Alencastro (1992), for example, find evidence that a racial voting bloc emerged in São Paulo with the lifting of literacy requirements.…”

Section: Electoral Behavior In Brazil: Does Race Matter?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Racialized Effects of Social Programs in Brazil

Micheli

2018

Lat Am Polit Soc

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Studies of the electoral effects of cash transfer programs in Latin America have largely treated the poor as a unitary group. This study considers how the effects of social benefits vary across groups among the targeted poor by exploring the consequences of race for the electoral effects of Brazil's Bolsa Família program. A matching analysis of LAPOP survey data shows that race shapes baseline propensities to participate in elections and to support the incumbent PT at the polls; these tendencies then shape the mechanisms through which cash transfers boost support for the incumbent. Benefits mobilize Afro-Brazilians to participate but have little effect on their vote choice. By contrast, benefits have little effect on whites' participation but persuade them to support the PT over the opposition. This article deepens understanding of how social benefits affect the electoral behavior of recipients and highlights how race shapes political behavior among the poor.

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“…1 The underrepresentation of minorities in contemporary democracies is a major subject in the social sciences. Recent research sought to investigate why certain social groups do not enter into electoral politics, or, when they do, why they are not successful (e.g., Dancygier et al 2015;Bueno and Dunning 2014;Wängnerud 2009). One of the underlying normative concerns of these studies is the concept of descriptive representation (Pitkin 1967;Mansbridge 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evangélicos, Pentecostais E Representação Política Nas Eleições Legislativas No Brasil (1998-2010)

Lacerda

2017

Rev. bras. Ci. Soc.

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Qual é o desempenho dos candidatos evangélicos nas eleições para o legislativo no Brasil? Seriam as candidaturas pentecostais responsáveis pela representação política dos evangélicos? Teriam as igrejas pentecostais um alto grau de sucesso eleitoral? A influência de evangélicos na política brasileira vem ganhando crescente destaque na mídia e na academia. Ela é consequência da rápida expansão do pentecostalismo no Brasil. A literatura prévia assumiu que candidatos pentecostais controlariam seus fiéis como um “rebanho eleitoral”. A partir de uma discussão conceitual sobre o candidato evangélico e sua relação com a igreja e de um novo banco de dados de candidaturas evangélicas, apresento evidências de que a proporção de candidaturas evangélicas se manteve estável na última década; os políticos pentecostais representam a grande maioria dos políticos evangélicos nos legislativos brasileiros; mas, a despeito disso, o sucesso eleitoral das igrejas pentecostais não é forte como se assevera.

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Race, Resources, and Representation: Evidence from Brazilian Politicians

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Affirmative Action Attitudes of Whites: Evidence from a List Experiment Survey in Brazil

Affirmative Action Attitudes of Whites: Evidence from a List Experiment Survey in Brazil

The Racialized Effects of Social Programs in Brazil

Evangélicos, Pentecostais E Representação Política Nas Eleições Legislativas No Brasil (1998-2010)

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