Radarsat Flood Mapping in the Peace-Athabasca Delta, Canada

Adam, Sébastien; Wiebe, Jonathan; Collins, Murray; Pietroniro, Alain

doi:10.1080/07038992.1998.10874693

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Crevier and Pultz (1996) and Adam et al (1998) also found that HH polarized C-band images, acquired at smaller incidence angles, enhance the difference between flooded and dry forest stands. The RADARSAT signal generally has (1) high radar return values in areas of flooded vegetation, due to the double bounce effect, (2) intermediate return values for dry land because of diffuse scattering on the ground and/or volume scattering within the vegetation canopies, and (3) very low returns for open water, caused by specular reflectance Adam et al, 1998). Flooded willows could easily be discriminated using the RADARSAT channel because of the characteristically high radar backscatter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The area used in their study represents the northeast corner of the 1998 scene in this study and it is characterized by forested bedrock outcrops, open water, and flooded willows. Adam et al (1998) obtained a Kappa coefficient of over 90% when classifying calibrated and filtered S2 mode and S6 mode RADARSAT scenes from 5 May 1996 and 13 May 1997 respectively. The classified 1998 RADARSAT scene from this study is consistent with those from the study by Adam et al (1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The radar pulses can penetrate vegetation to a degree dependent on canopy density. RADARSAT imagery has been shown to be useful for flood delineation in open areas and in deciduous vegetation during leaf-off conditions (Crevier and Pultz, 1996;Adam et al, 1998). In the spring when the vegetation is still dormant, layers of undecomposed grasses and sedges, or thatch, may cover some flooded wetland areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A multi‐sensor approach to wetland flood monitoring

Töyrä

Pietroniro

Martz

et al. 2002

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The Peace-Athabasca Delta, Canada, is a 3900 km 2 freshwater wetland complex, characterized by numerous river channels, lakes and wetland basins. Periodic flooding of the wetland basins is necessary to maintain the productivity in the delta. The delta experienced a 22 year drying trend between 1974 and 1996, resulting in considerable changes in water boundaries. Availability of water is the dominant mechanism driving the ecosystem response. As such, accurate and frequently updated maps of floodwater extent and vegetation types are necessary for proper wetland management. Owing to the large size, remoteness, and dynamic nature of the delta, flood mapping is only feasible using remote sensing.This paper evaluates the use of radar and visible/infrared satellite imagery for mapping the extent of flooded wetland areas. The extent of standing water in the delta during May 1996 and May 1998 was mapped using RADARSAT and SPOT imagery. The RADARSAT scenes, the SPOT scenes, and a combination of the two were, for each year, classified into open water, flooded vegetation, and non-flooded land using a Mahalanobis distance classifier. When the 1996 RADARSAT scene and the 1996 SPOT scene were classified separately, they resulted in Kappa coefficients of 70% and 66% respectively. The accuracy increased to 92% when the RADARSAT and the SPOT scenes were combined and classified together. Classification of the 1998 RADARSAT scene and the 1998 SPOT scene resulted in accuracies of 76% and 80% respectively, whereas a combination of the two scenes resulted in an accuracy of 92%. The results from this study indicate that the information from radar and visible/infrared satellite imagery is complementary and that flood mapping in wetland areas can be achieved with higher accuracy if the two image types are used in combination.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A multi‐sensor approach to wetland flood monitoring

Töyrä

Pietroniro

Martz

et al. 2002

Hydrological Processes

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“…Their study also showed that the C band with HH polarization shows potential for mapping fl ooded areas. Other attempts show that the C band SAR with HH polarization can detect forest fl ooding in leaf-off conditions (Adam et al 1998 ;Leconte and Pultz 1991 ) . Conversely, C band VV data from ERS 1/2 (European Remote-Sensing Satellite) were not useful for detecting fl oods under forests (Kasischke and Bourgeau-Chavez 1997 ) .…”

Section: Flood Mapping and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Initially, supervised image classi fi cation method was used to classify SAR images into discrete land-cover types (Hoque et al 2011 ;Dewan et al 2006 ;Malnes et al 2002 ;Töyora et al 2002 ;Adam et al 1998 ;Leconte and Pultz 1991 ) . In addition, the threshold technique is the most commonly employed approach to separate inundated areas from non-inundated areas (Dewan and Yamaguchi 2008 ;Brivio et al 2002 ;Liu et al 2002 ;Townsend 2001 ;Zhou et al 2000 ;Zhou and Qing 1999 ) .…”

Section: Flood Mapping and Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazards, Risk, and Vulnerability

Dewan

2013

Springer Geography

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Natural hazard terminologies with existing models of vulnerability, hazard, and risk are presented in this chapter. A conceptual framework has been developed based on hazard literature. The basic premise of the framework is based on Cutter's place of hazard theory with inputs from recent literature. In the framework, hazard is viewed as a threat that has the potential to overwhelm people, property, and the environment. It is a pre-existing condition that can turn into a catastrophe depending on the in fl uence of exogenous and endogenous factors. Exposure to hazard is treated as given and is an implicit element. The vulnerability element is perceived as the interactive effects of the social and physical aspects of a system (e.g., urban) regarding the causal process of hazards. Contrary to some conceptualizations, the framework views that the total vulnerability of a community depends on physical, social, and existing coping capacity attributes, and therefore, the calculation of the total vulnerability should consider these elements simultaneously. Risk is conceptualized as the product of hazard and vulnerability. To minimize the effects of disasters, it is imperative to take appropriate measures to reduce vulnerability rather than risk.The utilization of geospatial techniques in fl ood risk management is separated into three categories: fl ood mapping, damage assessment, and evaluation of fl ood risk and vulnerability. Biophysical and socioeconomic data that are sourced from remote sensing, census geography, and other spatial databases are employed to evaluate fl ood-related risk in diverse environments. A variety of methods-comprising inductive, deductive, and multi-criteria evaluation-are used to determine fl ood vulnerability and risk as evidenced by the literature survey. It reveals that geospatial techniques can be utilized effectively in the entire spectrum of the disaster cycle, which can save lives and property from natural hazards such as fl ood, as well as support informed decision making during emergencies.

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A review of Canadian remote sensing applications in hydrology, 1995-1999

Pietroniro¹,

Leconte

2000

Hydrol. Process.

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Radarsat Flood Mapping in the Peace-Athabasca Delta, Canada

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

A multi‐sensor approach to wetland flood monitoring

A multi‐sensor approach to wetland flood monitoring

Hazards, Risk, and Vulnerability

A review of Canadian remote sensing applications in hydrology, 1995-1999

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