Radial augmentation index: A useful and easily obtainable parameter for vascular aging

Kohara, Katsuhiko; Tabara, Yasuharu; Oshiumi, Akira; Miyawaki, Yutaka; Kobayashi, Tatsuya; Miki, Tetsuro

doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.10.010

Cited by 234 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The rAIx values reported by both Kohara et al 14 (0.69±16.3 in males and 0.81±16.1 in females) and Munir et al 13 (0.79 ± 11.8) are lower than those obtained in our study. However, considering that the correlation of our data using SphygmoCor coincides with the results of other authors 13,14 and is in disagreement with the estimation of rAIx using B-Pro, it would seem necessary to revise the methodology used by this device in estimating this parameter. Probably, as already mentioned, the difference found in estimating the second peak of the systolic pressure is one of the reasons for this discrepancy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The morphology of the radial pulse can also be used to estimate the peripheral or radial augmentation index (rAIx), as a parameter assessing vascular structure and function. 13,14 However, few studies have been made of the relationships with other arterial stiffness parameters, or of comparisons between different methods that estimate this same parameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of two measuring instruments, B-pro and SphygmoCor system as reference, to evaluate central systolic blood pressure and radial augmentation index

García‐Ortiz¹,

Recio-Rodríguez²,

Canales-Reina³

et al. 2012

Hypertens Res

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two measuring instruments, B-pro and SphygmoCor system as reference, to evaluate central systolic blood pressure and radial augmentation index

García‐Ortiz¹,

Recio-Rodríguez²,

Canales-Reina³

et al. 2012

Hypertens Res

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show abstract

“…23,24 Furthermore, the result of the analysis of covariance with dependent variable of radial PTT and covariate of HR showed a significant difference in radial PTT with a wide age range, even if the effect of HR was considered. Among these factors, HR is a complicated one, because it influences not only timing and strength of the reflected wave, 14,25 but also other contributors of radial PTT such as BP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Radial pulse transit time is an index of arterial stiffness

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2011

Hypertens Res

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Aortic pulse wave velocity, calculated from pulse transit time (PTT), is often used as an indicator of arterial stiffness and suggested to be standardized for heart rate (HR). This study aimed to determine whether PTT obtained directly from radial arterial waveforms could be used to assess arterial stiffness and the effect of HR on it. Measurements of anthropometric parameters, blood pressure (BP) and radial PTT were taken in 266 apparently healthy adults (113 men and 153 women; age 18-78 years). BP and radial PTT were measured in a subgroup of 11 young subjects (seven men and four women, age 24-35 years) in a 3-month follow-up study, which aimed to investigate the effect of HR changes. Radial PTT was significantly higher in men compared with women (0.116±0.022 s compared with 0.103±0.031 s, Po0.001). It was inversely related to age in men and women (r¼À0.838 and r¼À0.804, respectively, Po0.01 for both). Multiple regression analysis showed that HR was a potent predictor of radial PTT in addition to age, sex and systolic BP. There was no significant change in radial PTT when HR ranged from 60 to 75 b.p.m. A significant decrease was found in radial PTT when HR was up to 80 b.p.m. (Po0.01). These findings indicate that the simple and easily obtainable radial PTT could be a useful index of arterial stiffness, and HR changes should be considered when it is up to 80 b.p.m.

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“…Indeed, in Japan, the measurement of arterial stiffness has been increasing in routine physical examinations, and it is also becoming known as the measurement of 'vascular aging' among Japanese people. [10][11][12] Arterial wave reflection represents the timing and intensity of the backward wave from the periphery, which is partly determined by systemic arterial stiffness. 13 The augmented arterial wave reflection, as expressed by the augmentation index (AI), increases left ventricular afterload 13 and is recognized as a surrogate marker of cardiovascular risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity as an independent influential factor for reduced radial arterial wave reflection in a middle-aged Japanese male population

et al. 2009

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This study aimed to examine whether obesity, including abdominal obesity, is an influential factor for radial arterial wave reflection, as expressed by the augmentation index (AI), in middle-aged Japanese men. Radial arterial pressure waveform was measured using automated applanation tonometry in 828 men (mean age: 47±5 years) during an annual health examination at a company. Radial AI was calculated from the waveforms. AI appeared to be similar between subjects with and without obesity (body mass index (BMI) X25 and o25 kg m À2 , respectively). However, after adjusting for age, height, heart rate, mean blood pressure, low-and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, white blood cell count and other potential confounders, AI was significantly lower in subjects with obesity (71.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI); 70.2-73.0%) than in those without (75.2%, 95% CI; 74.4-76.0%, Po0.001). In a multiple linear regression analysis, BMI was negatively associated with AI (b¼À0.20, Po0.001); other factors associated with AI were heart rate (b¼À0.56), mean blood pressure (b¼0.44), height (b¼À0.24), age (b¼0.15), current smoking (b¼0.09), white blood cell count (b¼0.06) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (b¼0.06). Similar associations were found when waist circumference (WC, an index of abdominal obesity) was substituted for BMI in the analysis (b¼À0.12, Po0.001). BMI closely correlated with WC (r¼0.87), thus suggesting that approximately 76% (a square of 0.87) of BMI can be explained by WC. In conclusion, although it does not have a major impact, obesity, including abdominal obesity, may be an influential factor for reduced radial AI, independently of well-known confounders, in middle-aged Japanese men.

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Radial augmentation index: A useful and easily obtainable parameter for vascular aging

Abstract: These findings indicate that simple and easily-obtainable radial AI is age-dependent and could be a useful index of vascular aging.

Cited by 234 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of two measuring instruments, B-pro and SphygmoCor system as reference, to evaluate central systolic blood pressure and radial augmentation index

Comparison of two measuring instruments, B-pro and SphygmoCor system as reference, to evaluate central systolic blood pressure and radial augmentation index

Radial pulse transit time is an index of arterial stiffness

Obesity as an independent influential factor for reduced radial arterial wave reflection in a middle-aged Japanese male population

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