Radiated noise analysis via human body for intra-body communication

Hayashida, Yuki; Hasegawa, Mari; Suzuki, Akito; Shinagawa, Morikazu; Kado, Yuichi; Haga, Norihiro

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2016.03.071

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A comprehensive noise analysis for capacitive IBC was reported by researchers from several Japanese institutions [13,14,56,133,180,[183][184][185]. They showed that IBC systems are affected by large common-mode noise from various kinds of electronic equipment in living spaces, such as lighting devices, air conditioners, liquid crystal televisions, and refrigerators [13,14].…”

Section: Sources Of Artifacts and Noise In Ibcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An effective way of improving impedance balance and reducing common-mode noise in the system was connecting an additional electrode or a compact capacitor to a ground electrode, according to [13,14] (Figure 13). Two types of noise, excluding transceivers noise, are coupled to the embedded receiver [183]: radiated noise via human body [133,183,184] and conducted noise via floor ground [180]. Noisy-channel models of a capacitive IBC system with an embedded receiver situated in the vicinity of a wall was investigated by Sasaki et al in [180].…”

Section: Sources Of Artifacts and Noise In Ibcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Past Results, Present Trends, and Future Challenges in Intrabody Communication

Naranjo-Hernández

Callejón-Leblic

Vasić

et al. 2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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Intrabody communication (IBC) is a wireless communication technology using the human body to develop body area networks (BANs) for remote and ubiquitous monitoring. IBC uses living tissues as a transmission medium, achieving power-saving and miniaturized transceivers, making communications more robust against external interference and attacks on the privacy of transmitted data. Due to these advantages, IBC has been included as a third physical layer in the IEEE 802.15.6 standard for wireless body area networks (WBANs) designated as Human Body Communication (HBC). Further research is needed to compare both methods depending on the characteristics of IBC application. Challenges remain for an optimal deployment of IBC technology, such as the effect of long-term use in the human body, communication optimization through more realistic models, the influence of both anthropometric characteristics and the subject's movement on the transmission performance, standardization of communications, and development of small-size and energy-efficient prototypes with increased data rate. The purpose of this work is to provide an indepth overview of recent advances and future challenges in human body/intrabody communication for wireless communications and mobile computing.

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Section: Sources Of Artifacts and Noise In Ibcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources Of Artifacts and Noise In Ibcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past Results, Present Trends, and Future Challenges in Intrabody Communication

Naranjo-Hernández

Callejón-Leblic

Vasić

et al. 2018

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Privacy issues [ 30 , 31 ], ISM band saturation, power loss, and interferences with medical equipment and patient health [ 32 , 33 , 34 ] are some of the reasons that recommend the use of the so-called Intra Body Communications (IBC) [ 35 ]. Previous proposals have studied the propagation of RF signals [ 36 , 37 ], capacitive [ 38 , 39 , 40 ] and galvanic coupling [ 41 , 42 ] and even ultrasonic [ 43 , 44 ] emissions through the human tissues.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Contact Sensorization Smart System for IoT e-Health Applications Based on IBC IEEE 802.15.6 Communications

Hernández

Ors

Capella

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This paper proposes and demonstrates the capabilities of a new sensorization system that monitors skin contact between two persons. Based on the intrabody communication standard (802.15.6), the new system allows for interbody communication, through the transmission of messages between different persons through the skin when they are touching. The system not only detects if there has been contact between two persons but, as a novelty, is also able to identify the elements that have been in contact. This sensor will be applied to analyze and monitor good follow-up of hand hygiene practice in health care, following the “World Health Organization Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care”. This guide proposes specific recommendations to improve hygiene practices and reduce the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms between patients and health-care workers (HCW). The transmission of nosocomial infections due to improper hand hygiene could be reduced with the aid of a monitoring system that would prevent HCWs from violating the protocol. The cutting-edge sensor proposed in this paper is a crucial innovation for the development of this automated hand hygiene monitoring system (AHHMS).

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“…Most studies concerning common-mode noise do not really consider random signals but interfering signals that originate in the electromagnetic environment as in [4] or on common-mode signals that are part of the sensed measurands as in [5]. However, analog integrated circuits have circuit topologies where some components contribute common-mode electronic noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common mode electronic noise in differential circuits

2019

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Differential circuits are assumed to reject common-mode noise yet no parameter is available to describe that rejection as the Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) applies only to deterministic signals, not to random noise. We propose a model and a method to analyze the contribution of the input common-mode electronic noise to the output voltage noise of differential circuits. The analysis shows that the same parameter-matching conditions that improve the CMRR determine common-mode noise rejection but CMRR is more sensitive to mismatching. For example, a low-frequency CMRR as low as 8 dB implies that more than 82% of common-mode noise is rejected. Thus, often only differential-mode noise is relevant. However, if the equivalent input current noise sources predominate over equivalent input voltage noise sources, cross-correlation between them partially yields common-mode noise that will also be rejected. We also propose a simple test that yields an estimate of that correlation.

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Radiated noise analysis via human body for intra-body communication

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Past Results, Present Trends, and Future Challenges in Intrabody Communication

Past Results, Present Trends, and Future Challenges in Intrabody Communication

New Contact Sensorization Smart System for IoT e-Health Applications Based on IBC IEEE 802.15.6 Communications

Common mode electronic noise in differential circuits

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