Radiation blistering

Guseva, M.I.; Martynenko, Yu. V.

doi:10.3367/ufnr.0135.198112d.0671

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Ведь разрыв пузырьков и образование дырок наблюдаются [8] раньше, чем начинается рост волосков. Образование блистеров происходит при облучении ионами Не + кило-электронвольтных энергий [13] в интервале температуры 0,2-0,4 T m , где Т m -температура плавления. Для вольфрама именно в этом диапазоне температуры происходит образование пуха в результате воз-никновения полости именно при разрыве материала между близлежащими пузырьками на глубине мак-симальной концентрации внедрённого гелия.…”

Section: планируемые работыunclassified

Plasma Device at Nru «mpei» for Testing of Refractory Metals and Creation of Highly Porous Materials of New Generation

Budaev¹,

Fedorovich²,

Lukashevsky³

et al. 2017

PAST-TF

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Плазменная установка НИУ «МЭИ» предназначена для испытаний тугоплавких металлов и создания высокопористых материа-лов нового поколения, в том числе для испытаний материалов в обеспечение отечественной программы создания термоядерно-го реактора (ТИН и ДЕМО) и международного термоядерного реактора ИТЭР. Установка представляет собой плазменную ло-вушку с линейной мультикасповой конфигурацией магнитного поля со стационарным плазменным разрядом с параметрами плазмы, обеспечивающими возможность мощной плазменно-тепловой нагрузки, ожидаемой на материалы в стационарных ре-жимах термоядерного реактора. В экспериментах планируется разработать новую технологию создания высокоразвитой и вы-сокопористой структуры поверхности тугоплавких металлов, в том числе так называемый вольфрамовый «пух» с размером пор и нановолокон ~50 нм, обладающих новыми физико-химическими свойствами, что представляет значительный интерес для ядерных, химических, энергетических, биомедицинских технологий.Ключевые слова: установки с магнитным удержанием плазмы, плазменно-тепловые испытания материалов, материалы термо-ядерного реактора, вольфрам, молибден, наноструктурированная поверхность, ИТЭР, нанотехнологии. The plasma device at NRU «MPEI» has been constructed for testing of refractory metals and creating high-porosity materials of a new generation for Russian thermonuclear reactors (FNS and DEMO) and the international thermonuclear experimental reactor ITER. The device is a plasma trap with a linear multi-casp configuration of the magnetic field, a stationary plasma discharge and plasma parameters, which make possible the powerful plasma-thermal load expected for materials in stationary modes of a thermonuclear reactor. In the experiments, it is planned to develop a new technology for creating a highly roughened and highly porous structure of the refractory metals surface, including so-called tungsten «fuzz» with pore size and nanofibers of ~50 nanometers and new physical and chemical properties, which is of considerable interest for nuclear, energy, biomedical technologies technologies. PLASMA DEVICE AT NRU «MPEI» FOR TESTING OF REFRACTORY METALS AND CREATION OF HIGHLY POROUS MATERIALS OF NEW GENERATIONKey words: fusion devices with magnetic confinement of plasma, high heat plasma test of materials, materials of fusion reactor, tungsten, molybdenum, nanostructured surface, ITER, nanotechnologies. : 10.21517/0202-3822-2017-40-3-23-36 DOI ВВЕДЕНИЕПри воздействии на материал экстремальных плазменно-тепловых нагрузок в последние годы обна-ружены эффекты стохастической кластеризации поверхности с иерархической гранулярностью (стати-стическим самоподобием -фрактальностью) и формирование высоко развитой поверхности, т.е. по-верхности с большой удельной площадью. Такая структура поверхности твёрдого тела наблюдается по-сле воздействия плазмы на материалы в термоядерных установках с магнитным удержанием плазмы и других плазменных установках с высокотемпературной плазмой [1, 2] при плазменно-тепловых испыта-

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Section: планируемые работыunclassified

Plasma Device at Nru «mpei» for Testing of Refractory Metals and Creation of Highly Porous Materials of New Generation

Budaev¹,

Fedorovich²,

Lukashevsky³

et al. 2017

PAST-TF

Self Cite

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“…The value of the dose of hydrogen blistering is 10 times larger-10 19 cm −2 measured at the lower proton energy-180 keV (the copper temperature was 87 • C) [10]. The authors calculated the value of fluence at which blisters appeared in Cu under 2 MeV proton irradiation based on the value at 180 keV and the fluence dependence on the energy as E 0.4 given in [9] to be 2 × 10 19 cm −2 ([2], p. 81). We experimentally obtained a similar value of 1.7 × 10 19 cm −2 ([2], p. 82) after neutron generation for the purpose of biological studies [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For metals that dissolve hydrogen well (alkali, alkaline-earth, Ti, Ta, Nb, V, Ni and Pd), blistering is not observed. The value of the critical dose of hydrogen blistering of 10 18 cm −2 (reported in [8,9]) limits the application of copper as a substrate for the target. This is because, at a proton current of 10 mA and a target diameter of 10 cm, the critical dose is accumulated in 20 min, which is less than the planned therapy time (1 h).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The blistering phenomenon is considered [8,9] to be characteristic of metals that poorly dissolve hydrogen (Al, Mo, Fe, Cu, Ag, W, Pt and Au). For metals that dissolve hydrogen well (alkali, alkaline-earth, Ti, Ta, Nb, V, Ni and Pd), blistering is not observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of the studies performed [7], the best materials are found to be molybdenum and tantalum. Thirdly, this material must be sufficiently resistant to radiation blistering [8,9]; defined as the deformation of the surface layer in the form of numerous blisters (uplifting and peeling off of a thin layer of the material), which leads to a decrease in thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Observations of Blistering of a Metal Irradiated with 2-MeV Protons

Badrutdinov

Bykov

Gromilov

et al. 2017

Metals

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A vacuum-insulated tandem accelerator was used to observe in situ blistering during 2-MeV proton irradiation of metallic samples to a fluence of up to 6.7 × 10 20 cm −2 . Samples consisting of copper of different purity, tantalum and tantalum-copper compounds were placed on the proton beam path and forced to cool. The surface state of the samples was observed using a charge-coupled device camera with a remote microscope. Thermistors, a pyrometer and an infrared camera were applied to measure the temperature of the samples during irradiation. After irradiation, the samples were analyzed on an X-ray diffractometer, laser and electron microscopes. The present study describes the experiment, presents the results obtained and notes their relevance and significance in the development of a lithium target for an accelerator-based neutron source, for use in boron neutron capture therapy of cancer.

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Simulation of reactor conditions in investigations of radiation damage of the surface of materials

Kalin¹

1982

At Energy

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Radiation blistering

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Plasma Device at Nru «mpei» for Testing of Refractory Metals and Creation of Highly Porous Materials of New Generation

Plasma Device at Nru «mpei» for Testing of Refractory Metals and Creation of Highly Porous Materials of New Generation

In Situ Observations of Blistering of a Metal Irradiated with 2-MeV Protons

Simulation of reactor conditions in investigations of radiation damage of the surface of materials

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