Radiation exposure during midfacial imaging using 4- and 16-slice computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography systems and conventional radiography

Schulze, Dirk; Heiland, Max; Thurmann, H.; Adam, Gerhard

doi:10.1259/dmfr/28403350

Cited by 348 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…CBCT has a fairly low radiation dosage compared with other advanced radiographic methods, 25,26 and the amount of radiation could be considered similar to that of eight panoramic radiographs. 36 The ''Malmgren index'' 35 was originally adopted for use with intraoral periapical radiography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors

Makedonas

Lund

Gröndahl

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objectives: To investigate root resorption after 6 months of active orthodontic treatment and its relation to possible risk factors. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients (10-18 years) with a Class I malocclusion and crowding treated with fixed appliance and premolar extractions were examined with cone beam computed tomography before and after 6 months of active treatment. The exposure covered all teeth from first molar to first molar in both jaws. The Malmgren index was used to evaluate the degree of root resorption. Irregular root contour (score 1) was seen in most teeth already before active treatment, and therefore resorptions were registered only as score 2 (,2 mm, minor resorption) or higher. Results: Minor root resorption was noted in 10% of the patients and severe root resorption, .2 mm (score 3) was found in four patients. Root resorption was more frequently seen in the upper jaw, especially the incisors. There was no statistically significant correlation of root resorption with any of the selected risk factors. Conclusions: After 6 months of treatment, clinically significant resorption was diagnosed in 4% of the patients, ie, in 96% of the patients the radiographic examination did not reveal any significant information. The selected risk factors did not have any impact on the amount of resorption after 6 months of active treatment. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:196-201.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25,26 The doses vary, however, between different brands, imaging areas, and exposure parameters used. 27,28 Since its introduction, the CBCT technique has gained widespread use in various fields of dentistry, not least in orthodontics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors

Makedonas

Lund

Gröndahl

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Section: Dentomaxillofacial Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison, standard panoramic radiography delivers ϳ13.3 Sv and multidetector CT with a similar FOV delivers ϳ860 Sv. 26,27 Image quality can vary considerably with dose; images acquired with higher radiation exposure often produce superior image quality.The discussion below reviews potential CBCT applications in the dentomaxillofacial regions. Most of this research remains preliminary; further prospective and outcomes-based research is required to make informed recommendations on the appropriate use of CBCT in dentomaxillofacial imaging.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conebeam CT of the Head and Neck, Part 2: Clinical Applications

Miracle¹,

Mukherji²

2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

301

207

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SUMMARY: Conebeam x-ray CT (CBCT) is being increasingly used for point-of-service head and neck and dentomaxillofacial imaging. This technique provides relatively high isotropic spatial resolution of osseous structures with a reduced radiation dose compared with conventional CT scans. In this second installment in a 2-part review, the clinical applications in the dentomaxillofacial and head and neck regions will be explored, with particular emphasis on diagnostic imaging of the sinuses, temporal bone, and craniofacial structures. Several controversies surrounding the emergence of CBCT technology will also be addressed. C onebeam CT (CBCT) is an advancement in CT imagingthat has begun to emerge as a potentially low-dose crosssectional technique for visualizing bony structures in the head and neck. The physical principles, image quality parameters, and technical limitations relevant to CBCT imaging were discussed in Part 1 of this 2-part series. The second part presented here will highlight the evidence related to CBCT applications in head and neck as well as dentomaxillofacial imaging. Controversial aspects of this technology will also be addressed, including limitations in image quality and its often officebased operational model.CBCT was first adapted for potential clinical use in 1982 at the Mayo Clinic Biodynamics Research Laboratory. 1 Initial interest focused primarily on applications in angiography in which soft-tissue resolution could be sacrificed in favor of high temporal and spatial-resolving capabilities. Since that time, several CBCT systems have been developed for use both in the interventional suite and for general applications in CT angiography. 2,3 Exploration of CBCT technologies for use in radiation therapy guidance began in 1992, 4,5 followed by integration of the first CBCT imaging system into the gantry of a linear accelerator in 1999. 6 The first CBCT system became commercially available for dentomaxillofacial imaging in 2001 (NewTom QR DVT 9000; Quantitative Radiology, Verona, Italy). Comparatively low dosing requirements and a relatively compact design have also led to intense interest in surgical planning and intraoperative CBCT applications, particularly in the head and neck but also in spinal, thoracic, abdominal, and orthopedic procedures. [7][8][9][10][11] Diagnostic applications in CT mammography and head and neck imaging are also under evaluation. 12-14 The technical and clinical considerations pertaining to CBCT imaging in many of these applications have been the subjects of several recent reviews. [15][16][17][18][19] The recent review by Dörfler et al 16 of the neurointerventional applications of CBCT is of particular interest to the field of neuroradiology.The discussion below will focus on the diagnostic and treatment-planning applications of CBCT in dentomaxillofacial and head and neck imaging. Commercially available CBCT systems for dentomaxillofacial imaging include the CB MercuRay and CB Throne (Hitachi Medical, Kashiwi-shi, Chiba-ken, Japan), 3D Accuitomo products (J. Mor...

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“…Respective dedicated scanners were initially equipped with image intensifiers; image quality was very limited, the exposure unnecessarily high [45]. Although better results are obtained at lower dose when using standard clinical CT scanners with appropriate scan protocols, the high interest of practitioners in that field led to the installation of hundreds of maxillo-facial scanners all over Europe.…”

Section: Fd-ct For Dedicated Maxillo-facial Scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flat-detector computed tomography (FD-CT)

2007

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Flat-panel detectors or, synonymously, flat detectors (FDs) have been developed for use in radiography and fluoroscopy with the defined goal to replace standard X-ray film, filmscreen combinations and image intensifiers by an advanced sensor system. FD technology in comparison to X-ray film and image intensifiers offers higher dynamic range, dose reduction, fast digital readout and the possibility for dynamic acquisitions of image series, yet keeping to a compact design. It appeared logical to employ FD designs also for computed tomography (CT) imaging. Respective efforts date back a few years only, but FD-CT has meanwhile become widely accepted for interventional and intraoperative imaging using C-arm systems. FD-CT provides a very efficient way of combining two-dimensional (2D) radiographic or fluoroscopic and 3D CT imaging. In addition, FD technology made its way into a number of dedicated CT scanner developments, such as scanners for the maxillo-facial region or for micro-CT applications. This review focuses on technical and performance issues of FD technology and its full range of applications for CT imaging. A comparison with standard clinical CT is of primary interest. It reveals that FD-CT provides higher spatial resolution, but encompasses a number of disadvantages, such as lower dose efficiency, smaller field of view and lower temporal resolution. FD-CT is not aimed at challenging standard clinical CT as regards to the typical diagnostic examinations; but it has already proven unique for a number of dedicated CT applications, offering distinct practical advantages, above all the availability of immediate CT imaging in the interventional suite or the operating room.

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Radiation exposure during midfacial imaging using 4- and 16-slice computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography systems and conventional radiography

Abstract: Selection of the most appropriate imaging modality should be performed in view of the delivered doses, required image quality and information and the clinical circumstances.

Cited by 348 publications

References 14 publications

Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors

Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors

Conebeam CT of the Head and Neck, Part 2: Clinical Applications

Flat-detector computed tomography (FD-CT)

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